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conferenceseries
.com
Volume 5, Issue 3 (Suppl)
J Infect Dis Ther, an open access journal
ISSN:2332-0877
Infectious Diseases 2017
August 21-23, 2017
3
rd
Annual Congress on
Infectious Diseases
August 21-23, 2017 San Francisco, USA
The effect of lopinavir/ritonavirand lopinavir/ritonavir loadedPLGAnanoparticles onexperimental
toxoplasmosis
Iman Abou-El-Naga, Eman Elkerdany, Rasha Mady, Thanaa Shalaby
and
Inas Zaytoun
University of Alexandria, Egypt
A
fter the introduction of HIV protease inhibitors (HIV-PIs), a marked reduction has been achieved in the incidence and
clinical course of toxoplasmic encephalitis. The current work was undertaken to study for the first time, the efficacy of
HIV-PIs against
Toxoplasma gondii
infection in acute experimental toxoplasmosis. Lopinavir/Ritonavir (L/R) was used in
the same ration present in alluvia, a known HIV-PIs drug used in the developing countries in the regimens of AID’s patient
treatment. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles were used as a delivery system to L/R therapy. Both forms caused
parasitological improvement. The higher efficacy was achieved by using L/R PLGA together with decrease in the effective dose.
There was reduction in the parasite count in the peritoneum and the liver, parasite viability and infectivity. The antitoxoplasma
effect of the drug was attributed to the morphological distortion of the tachyzoites as evident by the ultrastructure examination.
Moreover, the treatment affected the egress of tachyzoites which remained enclosed within a membranous structure thus
delayed the infection of new host cells. L/R also induced apoptosis and autophagy in extracellular and intracellular
Toxoplasma
gondii
tachyzoites. The parasitophorous vacuole membrane was disrupted and vesiculated. The nanotubular networks inside
the parasitophorous vacuole that are involved in nutrient acquisition were disrupted. Therefore, the present work opens a new
possible way for the approved HIV-PIs as an alternative treatment against acute toxoplasmosis. Furthermore, it increases the
list of the opportunistic parasites that can be treated by this drug. The successful in vivo effect of HIV-PIs against
Toxoplasma
gondii
suggests that this parasite could be a target in HIV treated patients, thus decreases the possibility of toxoplasmic
encephalitis development.
Biography
Iman Abou-El-Naga is a Professor of Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Egypt. She has been working in the field
of Medical Parasitology for the last 35 years, teaching Undergraduate and Post-graduate Medical students. She has published more than 30 publications. She
is interested in the field of Helminthology specially Schistosoma and Toxocara as well as protozoology specially
Toxoplasma, Microsporidia, Cryptosporidia and
Leishmania.
imanabouelnaga@hotmail.comIman Abou-El-Naga et al., J Infect Dis Ther 2017, 5:3 (Suppl)
DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877-C1-027