livestock-nutrition-2016_posters-accepted-abstracts

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Volume 4, Issue 2 J Fisheries Livest Prod
ISSN: 2332-2608 JFLP, an open access journal
Page 54
Livestock Nutrition 2016
July 21-22, 2016
conferenceseries.com
July 21-22, 2016 Brisbane, Australia
2nd International Conference on
Livestock Nutrition
The functional ecology and mechanical properties of biological hooks in nature
Bruce Edward Saunders
University of Bath, UK
The selection of biological hooks in nature is wide so how do we endeavor to narrow the field into a manageable set that can be
analyzed and commercialized such that they all have a natural product that is reproducible and of value to the human population?
We turn to the ancient evolutionary theory of cladistics which makes use of a simple measure to differentiate between organisms, the
visual structures that differentiate and also consolidate them into sets. Nachtigal supplies us with a textbook of classes of attachment
mechanisms which yield a number on instances where the connectors resemble those of man-made devices, from ratchets to hinges,
but always in two structures and never with an intervening third which is separate from the two such as the rod of a hinge on a
door. It is important to consider the use of available technology, to look at these examples with new eyes as are made available
by new microscopy techniques, computer integration and new layered manufacture techniques such as SEM (Scanning electro-
deposition Electron Microscopy) and bio-printing. The end result has been the simplest of all attachment devices seen to be possible
and inevitably the first option when looking at commercial applications. Advances in biomaterials too mean that we can look at more
options with greater versatility from fusing bone with attachment devices treated with hydroxyapatite to anchorage devices for the
sensitive walls of the gut and/or the abdomen as well as brain implants for sensing magnetic fields. It is hoped that the reader will
enjoy this work as much as I have with the great promise that it will hold forth the right of way for the advance of technology and the
sustenance of the age which is about to come.
J Fisheries Livest Prod 2016, 4:2 (Suppl)
Effects of a direct-fed microbial to Bali steers fed oil palm trunk fermented as base diet
Yetti Marlida, Mardiati Zain and Fauzia Agustein
Andalas University, Indonesia
This research aims to determine effect of a direct-fed microbial (DFM) on digestibility (dry matter (DM) , organic matter (OM)
and crude protein (CP)) and growth performances such as feed intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency of Bali steer fed
oil palm trunk fermented as base diet with the addition of (DFM) of Saccharomyces cerevicea and Pediococcus sp. The experimental
design used was a randomized block design consisted of 4 treatments and 4 replicates using 16 Bali steers with an average weight
between 120-150 kg per head. Feed treatment applied as follows: A: 70% concentrate+30% fermented oil palm trunk; B: Ration
A+1% Saccharomyces cerevicea; C: Ration A+1% Pediococcus sp; D: Ration A+0.5% Saccharomyces cerevicea+0.5% Pedicococus sp.
The results showed that the treatment provides highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the digestibility of DM, OM CP, feed intake and
body weight gain, whereas a significantly effects (P<0.05) to feed efficiency. It can be concluded that the best treatment was the used
of ration D with digestibility DM, OM and CP were 70.42%; 73.04% and 69.27% respectively. The ration D also showed that the body
weight gain: 1.0 kg/day with feed intake: 4.31 kg and 23.13% feed efficiency.