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Volume 8, Issue 2 (Suppl) Chem Sci J 2017
ISSN: 2150-3494 CSJ, an open access journal Euro Chemistry 2017
May 11-13, 2017
May 11-13, 2017 Barcelona, Spain
4th European Chemistry Congress
Chem Sci J 2017, 8:2(Suppl)
Allium cepa.LAs Acid-Base Indicator
Gan Lui Nam , Koo Thai Hau and Ling Jia Yi
Form 6 centre of SMK Taman Johor Jaya 1, Malaysia
In this study, a facile and environmentally friendly method was reported for manufacturing of natural acid-base indicator by
preparing Allium cepa. L juice, which provided the anthocyannins pigment. The anthocyannins pigment was extracted via boiling
process. In detailed, the Allium cepa. L was cut into small fragments. Then, the small fragments of Allium cepa. L was boiled in
distilled water in order to extract the anthocyannin pigment. This process was followed by the addition of different solutions, acidic
solution, base solution as well as neutral solution were added into separate test tubes filled with extraction of Allium cepa. L juices.
The obtained Allium cepa. L juice was then used as the pigment for the acid-base indicator. The pH of the solution can be determined
by observing the colour change in the Allium cepa. L juice. The light purplish colour of Allium cepa. L juice turned into red colour
when added with hydrochloric acid; its purplish colour of the juice turned into yellow when added with sodium hydroxide; the
original colour of Allium cepa. L did not undergo any observable colour change when distilled water is added into it. The Allium cepa.
L exhibited excellent colour change property with chemical solutions. These colour changes make the Allium cepa. L be attractive for
applications in acid-base indicators.
Optimization and validation of non-invasive HPLC-MS/MS method for free-living ruminants stress
quantification
L Molina-Garcia1, J M Pérez1, M Sarasa2, B Ureña-Gutiérrez1, J Espinosa1 and C Azorit1
1University of Jaén, Spain
2Fédération Nationale des Chasseurs (FNC), France
Wildlife management and conservation can benefit from a quantified understanding of physiological response of free-ranging
animals to the various potential stressors. Non-invasive stress monitoring by fecal cortisol metabolites determination has
probed to be a powerful tool. That is, high performace liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/
MS) has emerged as the most accurate method avoiding problems related to the inespecificity and matrix effects of the so-used
immunuassays. In this work we have optimized, developed and validated a reliable method for 11-ketoetiocholanolone (11-k), a
cortisol metabolite, quantification in ruminant’s fecal samples by using and HPLC-MS/MS method. An appropiate extraction and
purification procedure was developed to take into account the complex nature of feces. The method consisted in a primary fecal
samples extraction with methanol and subsequently clean-up with hexane, followed by purification and preconcentration of targeted
metabolite with solid phase extraction (SPE). The final extract obtained was then anlyzed by HPLC-MS/MS making used of a
quadrupole-time-of-fly (Q-TOF) tandem mass spectrometer with an electrospray ionization interface operating in positive mode.
An isotope internal standard was used in order to minimize matrix effect and to compensate the alterations of the analytical signal.
After a rigurous optimization of both sample extraction and HPLC-QTOF parameters, the method was satisfactory validated and
the best conditions were stablished. Matrix-matches standards were used for the calibration of the method. The limit of detection
and quantification, refered to freeze-dried sample, were 13 and 40 μg kg-1, respectively. Recoveries in the range of 85-110% and
RSDs not higher than 15% for the complete analytical procedure, incluiding extraction and analysis, were achieved. For the best of
our knowledge, this is the first time that the hybrid Q-TOF mass detection coupled to HPLC has been employed for the fecal 11-k
quantification in ruminants. Due to the high specificity and sensitivity achieved, the method developed could be used as standard
technique for unequivocal fecal 11-k quantification not only in ruminants but also in other related species. In addition, the evaluation
of inter-individual differences of stress response could be carried out in the future in an accurate manner by using the present method,
thus reducing the effects of potential confounding factors.