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Volume 8, Issue 2 (Suppl) Chem Sci J 2017
ISSN: 2150-3494 CSJ, an open access journal Euro Chemistry 2017
May 11-13, 2017
May 11-13, 2017 Barcelona, Spain
4th European Chemistry Congress
M L Fernández-de Córdova et al., Chem Sci J 2017, 8:2(Suppl)
Assessment of bound 3-monochloropropanediol (3-MCPD) and glycidol content in fats and oils by gas
chromatography-ion trap tandem mass spectrometry
M L Fernández-de Córdova, L Molina-Garcia and E J Llorent-Martinez
Jean University, Spain
An analytical method for determining bound 3-monochloropropanediol (3-MCPD) and glycidol in fats and oils based on gas
chromatography-iontrapmass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) techniquehasbeendevelopedandapplied to the studyof concentration
levels of these compounds in margarine and olive, palm and sunflower oils. 3-MCPD and glycidol are food contaminants that have
been classified as carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). They have been detected in wide range of
food such as bread, coffee, pastries, etc., which are produced at high temperatures, as well as in refined animal and vegetable fats and
oils, and in foods containing them. In oils and fats, 3-MCPD originates when triglycerides are hydrolyzed to mono- and diglycerides
and they then undergo a substitution reaction with chlorine atoms, with temperatures above 140 °C being required. Glycidol was first
detected in palm oil due to its high content of diglycerides and the high temperatures used in its refining. In 2014, the European Union
(EU) issued a Recommendation to Member States about the need to assess the concentration levels of these contaminants in certain
foods, as well as to develop new analytical methods for their determination in order to protect the health of European consumers. The
developed method consists of two parallel tests, A and B, which are carried out using basic catalysis. 3-MCPD-d5 is used as internal
standard in order to obtain reproducible results. In assay A, both bound 3-MCPD and glycidol are determined. A transesterification
of 3-MCPD and glycidol esters is carried out with sodiummethoxide in methanol, whereby both compounds are released. The time of
this reaction is strictly controlled in order to avoid the conversion of part of 3-MCPD in glycidol. The reaction is stopped by adding an
acidic solution of NaCl, which causes the conversion of free glycidol in 3-MCPD. After a clean-up step with isohexane, free 3-MCPD
and the internal standard are extracted with ethyl ether:ethyl acetate (6:4, v/v), derivatized with phenylboronic acid (PBA) and
determined by GC-MS/MS. The test B is carried out analogously to test A, but in this case the transesterification reaction is stopped
by the addition of an acidic solution of a non-chlorinated salt, NaBr. Under these conditions free glycidol reacts to give a product
other than 3-MCPD, which does not interfere in its determination. Therefore, in test B only 3-MCPD is determined. The glycidol
ester content is determined from the difference between the 3-MCPD ester content calculated in tests A and B. The quantification was
performed in MS/MS mode what allowed a significant reduction in the background noise. Ions m/z 91 (147 →91) and m/z 93 (150 
93) were selected for the measurement of 3-MCPD phenylboronate and 3-MCPD-d5 phenylboronate, respectively.
Biography
M L Fernández de Córdova is a full professor in Analytical Chemistry at the University of Jaén. She has published more than 75 papers in reputed journals as
well as numerous book chapters. Her main researches involve the development of automatic methods of analysis and the determination of contaminants in food.