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Volume 4, Issue 3 (Suppl) Adv Crop Sci Tech
ISSN: 2329-8863 ACST, an open access journal
Page 32
Notes:
Plant Genomics 2016
July 14-15, 2016
conferenceseries.com
July 14-15, 2016 Brisbane, Australia
4th International Conference on Plant Genomics
Presence of endogenous Badnavirus sequences in yam genome: Implication for tropical crops exchange
Marie Umber
French National Institute for Agronomic Research, French West Indies
The French West Indies Biological Resources Centre for Tropical Plants (CRB-PT) maintains several germplasm collections of
tropical crops and wild relatives, including a collection of more than 450 yam accessions (Dioscorea spp). The purpose of this
Centre is to conserve and distribute virus-free germplasm to end users. Yam is the third most important staple food crops in French
Caribbean islands, after banana and sugarcane. Cultivation of this crop is almost exclusively by vegetative propagation, which presents
challenges in the sharing and exchange of plant material because of the vertical transmission of viruses. To this aim, virus populations
infecting conserved accessions are characterized and appropriate detection tools are created or optimized, then implemented for the
sanitation of infected germplasm. Several Badnavirus species have been reported in yams. Recently, endogenous Dioscorea badnaviral
sequences (eDBVs) were described in the genome of African yams of the D. cayenensis subsp., rotundata complex. The genome of the
other two main cultivated yam species, D. alata and D. trifida has also been investigated by the analysis of BAC libraries. The major
constraint of these sequences is to interfere with Badnavirus PCR-based detection methods and prevent from the accurate diagnostic
of Badnavirus in yams. Moreover the occurrence of endogenous sequences from extant Badnavirus species in yams should suggest
that some eDBVs could be infectious as some eBSV (endogenous Banana streak virus) sequences in banana. Conversely, molecular
evidence supporting the role of these EVEs (endogenous viral elements) in antiviral defense will also be presented.
Biography
Marie Umber has completed her PhD from Strasbourg University in France and Postdoctoral studies in Guadeloupe (French West Indies), working on endogenous
viral sequences in yam and banana. Since 2013, she is the person in charge of the viral sanitation of the yam collection from the Biological Resources Centre for
Tropical Plants (CRB-PT) in the French National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA).
Marie Umber, Adv Crop Sci Tech 2016, 4:3 (Suppl)