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Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials | ISSN: 2155-952X | Volume: 8
3rd World Biotechnology Congress
December 03-04, 2018 Sao Paulo, Brazil
Utilization of Tissue culture and laser Capture (LCM) as Acquire innovative biotech strategies for
Nematode control in cotton
Sanaa Haroon
Fayoum University, Egypt
Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the major pests all over the world, causing yield losses to many economic
crops. Application of biotechnology to nematode control tactics influence applied nematology in diverse ways, from
nematode identification to the development of resistant cultivars that improve effectiveness and increase the number of
management strategies and allow refinement of old technique. The new advanced LCM and tissue culture techniques was used
in cotton as economically important crop that heavily infected with the root-knot nematode, M. incognita race 3 exhibited
histological responses. Microscopic examination of the infected cotton roots detected the second stage juveniles (J2) that
penetrate the cotton roots at their tips, migrated in the root cortex and had orientated parallel with the longitudinal root
axis towards the vascular region, J4 were observed very close to the stellar region. The young females were noticed within
the cortical layers, inserting their anterior parts inside a cluster of giant cells, while mature females were found with their
egg-masses embedded within the root tissues, causing a great pressure on the cortical layer, endodermis, per cycle and stellar
region. The crushing effect of the exhaustive giant cells and the developing nematodes resulted in malformation and destroying
of the vascular tissues and their neighboring cells. Such abnormalities in the anatomical structure of the roots interfere greatly
with the function of the root system. Giant Cell morphology and biochemistry shown large number of nucleus also the
measurement of adult female body was different in resistant and susceptible varieties of cotton plant. Several genes expressed in
giant cells of susceptible plants that didn't expressed in resistant cultivars, Promoters of some of these genes will allow targeting
of agents to block giant cell so the nematode will dying from starving.
Biography
Sanaa Haroon, Molecular Nematologist MS. PhD Florida University, USA. Director of Nematology and Biotechnology lab, Fayoum University, Egypt. the Egyptian
Representative in the International Federation of Nematology till now. Published 72 papers. She has Awarded by the Prime Minister in the Global Environmental
(Biocontrol), the Excellence prize 2007 in Molecular nematology area and National Promotion for Science from the academy of science. Participated in 18
international conferences. Grant coordinator of 16 projects through her scientific life (USA, Germany, Holland, Sweden, European Union). Member in 9 scientific
organizations. Has international link to (Germany, Holland, USA, Sweden, Australia, Italy and South Africa).
Sanaa Haroon, J Biotechnol Biomater 2018, Volume: 8
DOI: 10.4172/2155-952X-C7-106