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conferenceseries
.com
10
th
International Conference on
February 22-23, 2018 | Paris, France
Vascular Dementia
Volume 8
Journal of Alzheimers Disease & Parkinsonism
ISSN: 2161-0460
Vascular Dementia 2018
February 22-23, 2018
Type III diabetes: Amisnomer for dementia
Aanchal Sareen, Rishabh Parihar
and
Ravinder Kumar
Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine
D
iabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease of the peripheral organs while diabetes insipidus (DI) is a disease of the brain. Both forms of
diabetes are characterized by excess levels of blood sugar or glucose.Whereas the former is due to insulin resistance or insufficiency
the latter is due to insufficiency of hypophyseal anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). But the causes underlying the accumulation of glucose
in circulation are different for DM and DI. While type-1 diabetes (T1D) is due to autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing
pancreatic islets of Langerhans (IL), type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a lifestyle disease due to exhaustion of IL to produce insulin in response
to hyperglycemia. Whereas glucose fuel unavailability in the mitochondria leads to deficit of energy production in the form of ATP,
its accumulation in blood leads to complications due to inflammatory damage to blood vessels. The brain uses glucose as a primary
source of energy. Cognitive function becomes impaired when blood glucose drops to low levels, and severe hypoglycemia may cause
neuronal damage. Recently, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been hypothesized to be type-3 Diabetes (T3D), presumably caused by
insulin resistance in the brain, an organ absolutely dependent upon glucose as fuel for ATP biosynthesis. This can create a dangerous
spiral, in which a hypoglycemic event caused by T2D can lead to mental deterioration and vice versa. If the brain is starved of energy,
it is possible that neurological problems like dementia and Alzheimer’s disease are more likely to develop. It is found that clinically
significant hypoglycemia is associated with a two-fold increased risk for developing dementia and likewise patients with dementia
were more likely to experience a severe hypoglycemic event with brain damage in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
Biography
Aanchal Sareen has completed her higher education from India in 2014 and presently pursuing MD in General Medicine from Ukraine. Her research was published
in International Medical Student’s Conference 2017 Krakow, Poland (pharmacy and internal medicine fields). She also has been an active Member at Uzhhorod
Medical Students Conference, Ukraine 2017.
aanchu.sareen@gmail.comAanchal Sareen et al., J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 2018, Volume 8
DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460-C1-036