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Volume 08
Clinical Pharmacology & Biopharmaceutics
ISSN: 2167-065X
Pharmacology 2019
World Heart Congress 2019
August 19-20, 2019
JOINT EVENT
conferenceseries
.com
August 19-20, 2019 Vienna, Austria
&
7
th
World Heart Congress
24
th
World Congress on
Pharmacology
Finding a medical solution to calcium oxalate urolithiasis: Which agents have the best dissolution
potential? An integrative review
Samuel P.B.Drawbridge
BVetMed MRCVS, UK
C
alcium urolithiasis is a disease of major concern given its high prevalence, welfare and economic implications,
and complications associated with current treatment and prevention strategies. A large number of publications
were evaluated in this review to determine chemicals most evidential of calcium oxalate dissolution potential, the
most prevalent stone component. The relevant literature was sourced through a keyword search of several online
databases, and studies included if they showed evidence of an agent exhibiting dissolution activity upon calcium
oxalate powder, crystals or stones. A critical analysis of these chemicals was undertaken, to determine those most
efficacious, whilst also considering safety of medical use. This evaluation revealed citrates to be the most promising
candidates for future research, given
in vivo
and
in vitro
data. Other factors influencing dissolution were also
considered, including the ability of the immune system to dissolve calcium oxalate crystals.
Recent Publications:
1. Raheem, O.A., Khandwala, Y.S., Sur, L.R., Ghani, K.R., Denstedt, J.D, 2017. Burden of urolithiasis: trends in
prevalence, treatment and costs. Eur. Urol. Focus, 3, 18-26.
2. Chutipongtanate, S., Chaiyarit, S., Thongboonkerd, V., 2012. Citrate, not phosphate, can dissolve calcium
oxalate monohydrate crystals and detach these crystals from renal tubular cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 689, 219-25
3. Phillips, R., Hanchanale, V.S., Myatt, A., Somani, B., Nabi, G., Biyani, C.S., 2015. Citrate salts for preventing and
treating calcium containing kidney stones in adults. Cochrane database of systematic reviews, Issue 10.
4. Cicerello, E., Merlo, F., Gambaro, G., Maccatrozzo, L., Fandella, A, Baggio, B., Anselmo, G., 1994. Effect of
alkaline citrate therapy on clearance of residual renal stone fragments after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
in sterile calcium and infection nephrolithiasis patients. J. Urol. 151, 5-9.
5. Soygur, T, Akbay, A, Kupeli, S., Effect of potassium citrate therapy on stone recurrence and residual fragments
after shockwave lithotripsy in lower caliceal calcium oxalate urolithiasis: a randomised controlled trial. J.
Endourol. 16, 149-152.
6. Saso, L, Valentini, G., Leone, M.G., Grippa, E., Silvestrini, B., 1998. Development of an in vitro assay for the
screening of substances capable of dissolving calcium oxalate crystals, Urol Int. 61 (1998) 210-214.
Biography
A practitioning veterinarian Samuel Drawbridge is very passionate about medicine, but also has a deep interest in chemistry. Pharmacology allows a combining
of these two disciplines. His current research involves exploring medical solutions to calcium oxalate based urolithiasis. He hopes to develop a solution that could
be used to dissolve calcium oxalate uroliths by direct irrigation of the urinary tract, as well as discovering those agents best suited for prevention of this disease.
This research allowing him to improve the health and welfare of humans and animals, beyond that of working as a general practitioner.
Samuel P.B.Drawbridge, Clin Pharmacol Biopharm, Volume 08