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Volume 8
Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials
ISSN: 2155-952X
Pharma Biotech 2018
December 10-11, 2018
December 10-11, 2018 | Rome, Italy
23
rd
International Conference on
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Nanobiotechnology for treatment of neurological disorders
Alain L Fymat
International Institute of Medicine and Science, USA
T
here are approximately 400 known neural disorders, some being due to a disruption or failure of the blood brain barrier
(BBB) such as, e.g., meningitis, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, prion and prion-like diseases (Parkinson's, Alzheimer's), HIV,
encephalitis, and systemic inflammation (sterile or infectious). As a consequence of the growing aging population, many such
neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and infections of the brain will become more prevalent. Unfortunately, the developmental
process for new drugs has not kept pace with progress in molecular neuroscience because most of the new drugs discovered
are unable to cross the BBB. This clinical failure may be largely attributed to a lack of appropriate drug delivery systems.
Of interest here are those disorders requiring treatment by delivery of nanobiotechnology (NBT)-based drugs through the
BBB-one of the most promising applications in clinical neuroscience. Nanoparticles, utilized as drug delivery agents, could
potentially carry out multiple tasks in a predefined sequence. They can be effective careers in delivery of conventional drugs,
recombinant proteins, vaccines, etc. The following nanoparticles such as: liposomes, peptides, radiolabeled polyethylene glycol
coated hexadecylcyanoacrylate nanospheres, polyalkylcyanoacrylate or poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles
with polysorbate 80 or poloxamer, and magneto-electric nanoparticles (MENs) are available. Localized and controlled delivery
of drugs at their desired sites of action is preferred because it reduces toxicity and increases treatment efficiency. Author will
discuss the various strategies that have been explored to increase drug delivery into the brain and their attending difficulties,
with particular emphasis on NBT-based drug delivery systems. However, although the use of nanotechnology is expected to
reduce the need for invasive procedures for delivery of therapeutics, some devices such as implanted catheters and reservoirs
will still be needed. Further, there is some concern about the safety of nanoparticle entry in the brain which needs to be
resolved before human use.
alain.fymat@fiimas.orgJ Biotechnol Biomater 2018, Volume 8
DOI: 10.4172/2155-952X-C8-110