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Pharma & Clinical Pharmacy Congress 2016
November 07-09, 2016
Volume 5 Issue 4(Suppl) Clin Pharmacol Biopharm
ISSN: 2167-065X CPB, an open access journal
conferenceseries .com
November 07-09, 2016 Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
4th International
Pharma & Clinical Pharmacy Congress
Clin Pharmacol Biopharm 2016, 5:4(Suppl)
Effect of some psychoactive agents on memory in rats with regard to aluminum-induced dementia
Abdel-Moez Assi, Raafat Abdel-Badeaa Abdel-Aal and Botros Beniamin Kostandy
Assiut University, Egypt
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive, neurodegenerative disorder of the brain. AD is the most common type
of dementia. The major histopathological features of AD are neuritic (or ‘senile’) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and a
loss of neurons and synapses. The degeneration of cholinergic neuronal systems, in particular those projecting from the basal
forebrain to the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, is a consistent feature in the neuropathology of AD. These systems play
an intrinsic role in learning and memory processes and the degree of cholinergic degeneration has been shown to correlate
with the loss of cognitive function. Memory deficit is not a unitary phenomenon in AD. Up to 90% of patients with dementia
develop significant behavioral problems during the course of their illness. Behavioral and psychiatric symptoms as delusions,
hallucinations or agitation develop in as many as 60% of community-dwelling dementia patients. The term “behavioral and
psychological symptoms of dementia” (BPSD) has been proposed to describe the spectrum of non-cognitive manifestations of
dementia. Antipsychotics are frequently added to anti-Alzheimer’s therapy to control BPSD, Haloperidol and risperidone are
typical and atypical antipsychotics, respectively. Here we are interested in studying the behavioral effects of these antipsychotic
agents in rats with AD disease, and their influence during treatment of these rats with memantine, a NMDA receptor blocker
used in management of AD.
Design, formulation and in vitro characterization of Irbesartan solid self-nanoemulsifying drug
delivery system (S-SNEDDS) prepared using spray drying technique
A R Gardouh
Suez Canal University, Egypt
In this study, a novel liquid SNEDDS containing Irbesartan was formulated and further developed into a solid form by spray
drying technique using Aerosil 200 as solid carrier. Results showed that the mean droplet size of all reconstituted SNEDDS
was found to be in the nanometric range with optimum PDI values. All formulae also showed rapid emulsification time, good
optical clarity and high drug content; and were found to be highly stable. Transmission electron microscopic images showed
the formation of spherical and homogeneous droplets with a size smaller than 50 nm, which satisfies the criteria of nanometric
size range required for nanoemulsifying formulae. In vitro release of IRB from SNEDDS formulae showed more than 99% of
IRB release in approximately 90 minutes. Optimized SNEDDS formulae with the smallest particle size, rapid emulsification
time, best optical clarity and maximum drug content and rapid in vitro release were selected to be developed into solid self-
nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) using spray drying technique. The prepared S-SNEDDS formulae were
evaluated for flow properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), reconstitution
properties, drug content and in vitro dissolution study. Reconstitution properties of S-SNEDDS showed spontaneous self-
nanoemulsification and no sign of phase separation. DSC thermograms revealed that IRB was in solubilized form and FTIR
supported these findings. SEM photographs showed smooth uniform surface of S-SNEDDS with less aggregation. Results of
the in vitro drug release showed that there was great enhancement in dissolution rate of IRB.