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Volume 4 Clinical Neuropsychology: Open Access Neuropsychiatry 2018
August 27-28, 2018
August 27-28, 2018 Tokyo, Japan
8th Global Experts Meeting on
Advances in Neurology and Neuropsychiatry
Alcohol exposure suppresses neural crest cells generation and differentiation during early chick embryo
Ping Zhang
Jinan University, China
It is now known that excess alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) in which
several characteristic craniofacial abnormalities are often visible. However, the molecular mechanisms of how excess ethanol
exposure affects Cranial Neural Crest Cells (CNCCs), the progenitor cells of the cranial skeleton, is still not clear. In the study,
we investigated the effects of ethanol exposure on CNCCs migration both in early chick embryo and in vitro explant culture.
First of all, we demonstrated that ethanol treatment caused alizarin red-stained craniofacial developmental defects including
parietal defect. Second, immunofluorescent staining with neural crest special markers indicated that CNCCs generation was
inhibited by ethanol exposure. Double immunofluorescent stainings (Ap-2α/PHIS3, HNK1/BrdU and AP-2α/c-caspase3)
revealed that ethanol exposure inhibited CNCCs proliferation and increased apoptosis. In addition, it inhibited NCCs
production by repressing the expression level of key transcription factors which regulate neural crest development by altering
expression of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT)-related adhesion molecules in the developing neural crests. In sum,
we have provided experimental evidence that excess ethanol exposure during embryogenesis disrupts CNCCs survival, EMT
and migration, which in turn causes defective cranial bone development.
Biography
Ping Zhang is a graduate student in Jinan University, China, currently working in the Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education and
Division of Histology & Embryology. Maintaining a high degree of enthusiasm and professional research attitude, she is been devoted into the program “Alcohol
exposure induces chick craniofacial bone defects by negatively affecting cranial neural crest development” and has published the research results on Toxicology
Letters.
Ping Zhang, ClinNeuropsychol 2018, Volume 3
DOI: 10.4172/2472-095X-C1-003