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Volume 3
Diagnostic Pathology: Open Access
ISSN: 2476-2024
Laboratory Medicine 2018
June 25-26, 2018
June 25-26, 2018 | Berlin, Germany
13
th
International Conference on
Laboratory Medicine & Pathology
SPECTRUM OF RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM DISORDERS IN YOUNG
HYPERTENSIVES OF PAKISTAN
Mehwish Gilani
Armed Forces Insttitute of Pathology, Pakistan
T
he study was a cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology Armed
Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) Rawalpindi from January 2016 to December 2016. 165 young hypertensive subjects,
aged 17-40 years, of either gender presenting in the outpatient department (OPD) were recruited from local population of
Rawalpindi. All subjects were having blood pressure more than 140/90 mm of Hg and were not on any anti-hypertensive
medicine. Patients with renal dysfunction, heart failure, pregnancy and secondary hypertension were excluded from the study.
Blood sample was taken from each patient to analyze arterial blood gases, plasma renin, serum aldosterone and electrolytes.
Sandwich chemiluminescence immunoassay and ELISA techniques were used to analyze plasma renin and serum aldosterone
level. Arterial blood gases and electrolytes like sodium and potassium were measured by potentiometry, while bicarbonate was
calculated. Normally distributed continuous variables were presented as mean+SD and others as median. Multiple regression
analysis was performed to compute association of age, electrolytes, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in OPD and endocrine
clinic AFIP with essential hypertension and primary hyperaldosteronism. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Out of 80 subjects, 72 were diagnosed with essential hypertension and 8 with primary hyperaldosteronism. None of the
patients had Liddle syndrome, apparent mineralocorticoid excess or Gordon syndrome. Mean age of patients having essential
hypertension was 30.97+7.13 years, whereas those with primary hyperaldosteronismwas 29.25+7.1 years. Mean serum sodium
was 137.8+6.5 mmol/l and potassium was 4.23+0.6 mmol/l. Mean systolic blood pressure of patients measured in OPD was
172.7+19.2 mm of Hg whereas diastolic blood pressure was 100.0+8.3 mm of Hg. Mean systolic blood pressure measured in
endocrine clinic AFIP was 142.7+10.5 mm of Hg and diastolic blood pressure was 90.3+6.5 mm of Hg. Diastolic blood pressure
was significantly higher (p=0.001) among all the patients reported in OPD. No statistically significant association was found
between age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.05) in either OPD or endocrine clinic.Therefore, it was concluded that
hypertension is not uncommon in young population of Pakistan. Primary hyperaldosteronism as compared to other RAAS
disorders, remains the leading cause of hypertension in young population.
drmehwishgilani@hotmail.comDiagn Pathol Open 2018, Volume 3
DOI: 10.4172/2476-2024-C1-003