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Volume 6
Journal of Infectious Diseases and Therapy
ISSN: 2332-0877
Infection Congress 2018
March 01-02, 2018
March 01-02, 2018 Berlin, Germany
5
th
International Congress on
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Enteric pathogens and potential risk factors for acute bloody diarrhea in Kisumu west and Kisumu
Central sub counties
Redemptah Yeda
1
and
George Ayodo
2
1
Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Kenya
2
Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
D
iarrhea is preventable and treatable by early recognition of dehydration and timely treatment. Despite the advances
shigellosis is a major cause of diarrhoea-related morbidity and mortality. Kenya experienced a significant increase in
acute bloody diarrhoea cases in Coast, Western, Nyanza and Nairobi regions in 2009 (48,272 cases) and 2010 (64,107 cases).
Therefore, it was necessary to determine the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of acute bloody diarrhoea
cases occurring in the urban and rural populations in Kenya. The study enrolled 600 participants between the period of
January and December 2016. The main presenting clinical features for bloody diarrhoea cases were: blood in stool (100%)
abdominal pain (50%), mucous in stool (50%), loose stools (50%) and anorexia (50%). Pathogen isolation rate from stool
was 32.5% with bacterial and protozoal pathogens accounting for 20% and 10%, respectively. The isolation rate among the
rural population (Kisumu west) was 18% while among the urban population (Kisumu Central) it was 45%. Shigella was the
most prevalent bacterial pathogen isolated in 25% of the cases while Entamoeba histolytica was the most prevalent protozoal
pathogen isolated in 12% of the cases. High levels of multidrug resistance to three or more antimicrobial agents were observed
62.5% of all bacterial pathogens with resistance in Shigella being 50.9%. There was a positive correlation between bloody
diarrhoea and long term mean rainfall both in rural (Pearson’s r=0.55) and urban (Pearson’s r=0.65) populations. There was
also a positive correlation between bloody diarrhoea and long term mean minimum and maximum temp but the correlation
with minimum temp was stronger in rural (Pearson’s r=0.32) and urban (Pearson’s r=0.56). Shigella dysenteriae type 1 which
is an epidemic strain is not the cause of increase in cases of acute bloody diarrhoea in Kenya in both settings, high levels of
antibiotic resistance as well as multidrug resistance
.
rambogo8285@gmail.comJ Infect Dis Ther 2018, Volume 6
DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877-C1-039