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Volume 07
Advances in Crop Science and Technology
ISSN: 2329-8863
Agri 2019
August 15-16, 2019
August 15-16, 2019 | Rome, Italy
14
th
International Conference on
Agriculture & Horticulture
Servet Kefi, Adv Crop Sci Tech 2019, Volume 07
Morphologic and quality characteristics of cultivated einkorn wheat (
Triticum monococcum
L. subs.
monococcum
) lines sown in autumn and spring seasons
Servet Kefi
Kastamonu University, Turkey
Statement of the Problem
: As being the first cultivated wheat in the Fertile Crescent, diploid einkorn wheat
(2n=2x=14, AA),
Triticum monococcum
L. subs.
monococcum
, was domesticated 9500 years ago in Karacadag
Mountains of South-East Turkey. Nowadays it has been grown in only marginal lands of Turkey, Caucasus, Europe
and Morocco. After having disappeared because of its replacement by high yielding modern wheat cultivars, recently
einkorn wheat has been re-introduced in some countries, especially for organic farming, due to its high resistance
to pests and diseases, adaptation to harsh climates, ability to provide acceptable yields on poor soils even with low/
without inputs and high nutritional value. In order to maintain and utilize the genetic diversity of einkorn wheat, it is
necessary to develop in situ conservation program to provide continuity of cultivation of its landraces; characterizing,
analyzing and documenting of its accessions and identifying its genes for useful agronomical and nutritional traits
to employ in breeding programs.
Materials and Methods
: Local 45 einkorn wheat lines, selected from 500 single rows planted by each single spikes
collected from 50 farmers’ fields in Kastamonu/Turkey, were sown in autumn (9 November 2017) and in spring
(20 February 2018) and were harvested on 30-31 July 2018 and on 8 August 2018, respectively. Morphologic and
agronomic traits were observed and measured during growing period of plants and quality properties of harvested
seeds were determined by using “Single Kernel Characterization System (SKCS)”.
Findings
: All of the einkorn wheat lines in the trial showed “facultative” growth habit, flowering well when sown both
in autumn and in spring. Although lines sown in autumn had more yield, the same lines sown in spring provided
higher quality and more resistance to lodging due to being shorter.
Conclusions
: Einkorn wheat lines sown in autumn and in spring seasons showed a significant variation for traits,
which can be used for einkorn breeding program.
Figure 1: General view of einkorn wheat lines on 12 July 2018 (lines in front block were sown
in autumn 2017 and lines in behind blocks were sown in spring 2018)