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.com
Volume 05
Neonatal and Pediatric Medicine
ISSN: 2572-4983
World Pediatrics 2019
December 04-05, 2019
December 04-05, 2019 | Barcelona, Spain
32
nd
World Pediatrics Conference
Childhood infections and risk of type 1 diabetes in Tlemcen, Northwest Algeria
S Khater
1
, A Aouar
1
, H Hamdaoui
1
, A Moussouni
1
, Z Moqaddem
1
, D Belkhatir
1
, H Bouazza
1
and
N Chabni
2
1
University of Abou Beker Belkaid, Algeria
2
Tlemcen University Teaching Hospital, Algeria
Background
: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune multifactorial disease caused by a complex interaction of genetic and
environmental factors. Several studies have shown that viral infections cause the onset of type 1 diabetes by inducing
immune responses that can damage β- cells.
Aim
: This study aims to examine the interaction between type 1 diabetes and childhood viral infections in children of
Tlemcen in northwest Algeria.
Patients and Methods
: This is a case-control study of a population of 338 children under the age of 15 years, including
137 diabetic children and 201controls children, living in Tlemcen in Western Algeria. The data were collected using
questionnaires submitted by a physician to the parents of the cases and controls, from February to May 2018. The data
were analyzed by a logistic regression processed by Minitab.16 software.
Results
: The total frequency of exposure to childhood infections (varicella, measles, rubella, mumps or tonsillitis) in
early childhood is higher in diabetic children (81.75%) than in controls (66.66%), p=0.003. The risk of type 1 diabetes
for children exposed to a single infection was only statistically significantly for rubella (p=0.016), odds ratio: confidence
interval (CI) (OR: 3.73, 95%CI, 1.28-10.88). However, if two or more infections was contracted during the years before the
onset of diabetes, the risk increases significantly (p=0.000), (OR: 3.33, 95% CI, 1.92-5.78).
Conclusion
: The high prevalence of infectious diseases among young children in Tlemcen’s population may explain the
development of type 1 diabetes in children in this region.
Neonat Pediatr Med 2019, Volume: 05