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Volume 09

February 15-16, 2019 Amsterdam| Netherlands

Vascular Dementia

International Conference on

Vascular Dementia 2019

Journal of Alzheimers Disease & Parkinsonism | ISSN : 2161-0460

Management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

ognitive impairment is the hallmark of dementia. Behavioral disturbances are

universally experienced by persons with dementia throughout the course of the

illness. Behavioral and Psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) cause a significant

negative impact on quality of life, health care outcomes, caregiver stress and burden.

BPSD (Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia) is the collective term used

to describe the group of non cognitive symptoms experienced in dementia. These can

include psychosis, agitation and mood disorder and affects 50% - 80% of patients to

varying degrees (Ashlen.P. et al) (Lyketsos CG). Behavioral disturbances can often trigger

hospitalization resulting in increased hospital length of stay (WancataJ.2003). The various

types of dementia are classified according to the different disease process affecting the

brain. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer’s Disease, accounting for around

60% of all cases. Vascular dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies are responsible for

most other cases.Alzheimer’s Disease and vascular dementia may co-exist and are difficult

to separate clinically. Dementia is also encountered in about 30% - 70% of patients with

Parkinson’s Disease. Vascular dementia is a consequence of ischemic or hemorrhagic

damage of area of the brain involved in memory and cognition. Alzheimer’s disease

and related dementias are among the most costly and distressing medical conditions for

patients and their caregivers. (Hebert LE etal 2013). Although dementia is often thought

as a disease of memory, 97% of individuals with dementia experience one or more

behavioral disturbance (Steinberg M. et al 2014). BPSD, the known neuropsychiatric

symptoms occurs in clusters or syndromes identified as psychosis, depression, agitation,

aggression, sleep disturbances and apathy. Socially and sexually inappropriate behaviors

are seen. Agitation can be manifested as restlessness, arguing, disruptive vocalization

and rejection of care. Aggression can include verbal insults such as shouting, physical

aggression such as biting and hitting others and throwing objects (Rose KC et al 2017).

BPSD is seen throughout the course of dementia; symptoms may occur intermittently

or fluctuate greatly in severity. These behaviors are seen in all types of dementia but

psychosis and visual hallucinations are more common in Lewy body dementia.

Biography

Amarnath Mallik MBBS DGO DPM FCCP graduated from RGKar Medical College Calcutta is a practicing

Psychiatrist. Trained in Stepping Hill Hospital Stokport UK is consultant to Kothari Super Speciality Hospital,

Woodlands Hospital and Belle Vue Clinik Calcutta. Conduct and Participate TV, Radio programme on Mental

health for community awareness. Author of books in regional language and participated in many National and

International conferences.

Amarnath Mallik

Kothari Medical Centre, India

Amarnath Mallik, J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 2019, Volume 09

DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460-C1-060