toxicology-congress-2017-posters-accepted-abstracts

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Volume 3, Issue 1 (Suppl)

Toxicol Open Access

ISSN: 2476-2067 TYOA, an open access journal

Toxicology Congress 2017

April 13-15, 2017

April 13-15, 2017 Dubai, UAE

World Congress on

Toxicology and Pharmacology

Toxicol Open Access 2017, 3:1 (Suppl)

Possible neuroprotective mechanisms of ginseng and rutin in experimental model of head injury

induced cognitive dysfunction

Anil Kumar, Hitesh Dhar

and

Puneet Rinwa

Panjab University, India

Introduction:

Head injury is a major cause of disability and death. Possible role of neuroinflammation, nitric oxide, microglia

and oxidative stress have been suggested in the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury related complications such as

cognitive dysfunction.

Objective:

Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the possible role of ginseng and rutin and its interaction with

nitric oxide modulator and microglial inhibitor against experimental of head injury induced behavioral, biochemical and

molecular alterations.

Materials & Methods:

Wistar rats were exposed to head injury by using weight-drop method. Following injury and a post-

injury rehabilitation period of two weeks, animals were administered vehicle/drugs for another two weeks.

Results:

Traumatic brain injury caused significant memory impairment in Morris water maze task as evident from increase

in escape latency and total distance travelled to reach the hidden platform. Time spent in target quadrant and frequency of

appearance in target quadrant was also significantly decreased in head trauma rats. Further, there was a significant increase

in oxidative stress (elevated malondialdehyde, nitrite concentration and decreased reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase

and catalase levels), neuroinflammation (TNF-α and IL-6) and acetylcholinesterase levels in both cortex and hippocampal

regions of traumatized rat brain. Ginseng (100-200 mg/kg), Rutin (20-80) treatment for two weeks significantly attenuated

all these behavioral, biochemical and molecular alterations, suggesting their neuroprotective effect. Further, combination of

sub effective doses of ginseng (50 and 100 mg/kg) or rutin (40, 80) with microglia inhibitor as well as nitric oxide modulators

significantly modulates their protective effect respectively. The present study suggests that these flavanoids produce their

neuroprotective effect by involving microglial as well as nitric oxide pathways.

Conclusion:

The study further provides a hope that these flavanoids could be used effectively for the management of brain

traumatic injury and related complication.