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conferenceseries.com
Volume 7, Issue 6 (Suppl) J Bacteriol Parasito
ISSN: 2155-9597 JBP, an open access journal Microbiology 2016
November 28-29, 2016
November 28-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain
7th World Congress on
Microbiology
Anovel approach to antibiotics and antifungals: Testing the effectiveness of Azadirachta indica extracts
Saket Myneni
Westwood High School, USA
Azadirachta indica (neem) extracts have proven themselves to be a promising tool because they are natural and do not cause the
harmful side effects of most artificial substances. Preliminary research has shown that certain natural substances can be used
without the fear of a new resistant strain developing. Current treatments are plagued by artificial substances that can have harmful
side effects to the body and may not be effective for multiple uses. Thus, this project aims to determine the effectiveness of natural
substances as antibacterial and antifungal. Early research suggested that the neem oil would be the most effective extract because it
would envelop the bacteria and fungi. Cultures of bacteria, specifically Staphylococcus epidermidis and Serratia marcescens and cultures
of fungi, specifically Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae , were cultured and placed in separate plates. Zones of inhibitions
were created using neem leaf extract, neem soap, neem oil, a water control and antibacterial soap control disks. The diameters of
the zones where growth has stopped were compared using statistical significance tests to see if any of the natural extracts were more
effective than the controls. The zones that were significantly different from the controls’ zones were compared amongst each other to
see if one extract was more effective than the others. This analysis has shown that the natural substances are extremely effective and
significantly stronger than antibiotic and antifungal substances and the artificial substances in the soap. The remainder of the plate
was then considered to be the pool of potential resistant strands. Thus repetitions were completed with each of the treatments. Since
the growth was still inhibited without resistance, it became apparent that the neem extracts could have many practical purposes in
treatments of infections. Given that only a few trials were completed, the experiment would have to be completed with more trials to
prove the consistent effectiveness.
J Bacteriol Parasitol 2016, 7:6 (Suppl)
Optimization of fermentation conditions for extracellular production of the antineoplastic enzyme,
L-asparaginase by novel actinomycete Nocardiopsis synnemasporogenes sp. nov. NEAE-85
Noura El-Ahmady Ali El-Naggar1 and Hassan Moawad2
1Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Egypt
2National Research Center, Egypt
The optimization of different fermentation conditions for L-asparaginase production by Nocardiopsis sp. NEAE-85 and its
validation using Plackett-Burman experimental design and response surface methodology was carried out. 15 nutritional
variables (temperature, pH, incubation time, inoculum size, inoculum age, agitation speed, dextrose, starch, L-asparagine, KNO3,
yeast extract, K2HPO4, MgSO4.7H2O, NaCl and FeSO4. 7H2O) were screened using Plackett-Burman experimental design. The most
positive significant independent variables affecting enzyme production (inoculum age, dextrose and L-asparagine) were further
optimized by the central composite face-centered design-response surface methodology. An overall about 3 and a half-fold increase
in L-asparaginase production was achieved in the optimized medium as compared with the un-optimized basal medium. As a
result, a medium of the following formula is the optimum for producing an extracellular L-asparaginase in the culture filtrate of
Nocardiopsis synnemasporogenes sp. nov., NEAE-85: Dextrose 4 g, starch 20 g, L-asparagine 10 g, KNO3 1 g, yeast extract 1 g, K2HPO4
1 g, MgSO4.7H 2O 0.5 g, NaCl 0.5 g, FeSO4.7H2O 0.01 g, pH 7, temperature 37 °C, agitation speed 100 rpm/min, inoculum size 4% ,v/v,
inoculum age 24 h and fermentation period 5 days.