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Volume 5, Issue 7 (Suppl)

J Infect Dis Ther, an open access journal

ISSN: 2332-0877

Infection Prevention 2017

December 14-15, 2017

December 14-15, 2017 | Rome, Italy

World Congress on

INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

Do retreatment tuberculosis patients need special treatment response follow-up beyond the standard

regimen? A finding of five-year retrospective study in a pastoralist setting

Fentabil Getnet, Henok Seleshi, Wubareg Seifu

and

Abere Shiferaw Alemu

Jigjiga University, Ethiopia

Background:

Treatment outcomes serve as proxy measures of the quality of tuberculosis treatment. Hence, assessment of

treatment outcomes is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of Directly ObservedTherapy-Short course program in controlling

the disease, and reducing treatment failure, death and default.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess tuberculosis treatment outcomes and predictors of unsuccessful treatment

outcome in Ethiopian Somali region, September 2009 to August 2014.

Methods:

A retrospective review of five years data was conducted to evaluate the treatment outcomes of 1378 randomly selected

tuberculosis patients treated in Kharamara, Dege-habour and Gode hospitals. We extracted data on socio-demographics, HIV

Sero-status, tuberculosis type, treatment outcome and year using a prepared checklist. Tuberculosis treatment outcomes were

categorized into successful (cured/completed) and unsuccessful (died/failed/default) according to the national tuberculosis

guideline. Data was entered using EpiData 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS 20. Chi-square test (χ2) and logistic regression model

were used to reveal the predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcome at P≤0.05 significance level.

Result:

Out of all, majorities were male (59.1%), pulmonary smear negative (49.2%) and new cases (90.6%), and HIV co-

infection rate was 4.6%. The median age was 26 years. The overall treatment success rate was 86.8% [84.9%-88.5%], however,

4.8%, 7.6% and 0.7% of patients died, defaulted and failed to cure respectively. Treatment success rate fluctuated across the

years and ranged from 76.9% to 94% [p<0.001]. The odds of death/failure [AOR=2.4; 95% CI=1.4–3.9], and pulmonary smear

positivity [AOR=2.3; 95% CI=1.6-3.5] were considerably higher among retreatment patients compared to new counterparts.

Treatment success rate had no significant difference between age groups, genders, tuberculosis types and HIV status (P>0.05).

Conclusion:

This study revealed that the overall tuberculosis treatment success rate has realized the global target for 2011-

2015. However, it does not guarantee its continuity as the trend showed that adverse treatment outcomes might unpredictably

occur. Therefore, continual effort to effectively execute DOTS should be strengthened and special follow-up mechanism should

be in place to monitor the treatment response of retreatment tuberculosis cases.

J Infect Dis Ther 2017, 5:7(Suppl)

DOI: 10.4172/2332-0877-C1-036