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Journal of Analytical & Bioanalytical Techniques | ISSN: 2155-9872 | Volume 9

World HPLC, Separation Techniques & Pharmacovigilance

World Analytical Chemistry & Mass Spectrometry

International Conference on

August 29-30, 2018 | Toronto, Canada

Area under the receiver–operating characteristics as a model for evaluating and predicting biomarkers

of early renal tubular damage in subjects occupationally exposed to lead

Omotosho IO

and

Fafunso MA

University of Ibadan, Nigeria

he incidence of kidney failure is on the increase, unfortunately, traditional renal function markers are equivocal especially

at the early stage until end-stage renal disease when kidney transplant becomes inevitable. Hence, the need for an early

and more sensitive marker of renal damage indicating the presence of covert renal damage in occupational lead toxicity is

imperative. This work is proposing diagnostic methods that could predict the development of Chronic Renal Failure (CRF)

especially in occupational lead-exposed subjects combining results of conventional and new biomarkers of kidney damage using

a mathematical model based on Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics (AUROC). Traditional Renal Function

markers (TRF) (plasma creatinine, urea and uric acid) were determined in one hundred each of Lead-Exposed Subjects (LES)

and non-exposed, non-nephrotic adults (control) along with sixty Chronic Renal Failure patients (CRF) (all age-matched)

using standard spectrophotometric methods. Blood lead level (Pb) was determined in all participants using Atomic Absorption

Spectrophotometry (AAS) while levels of novel urinary renal enzymes - Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and N-acetyl-β-D-

glucosaminidase (NAG)- activities were also evaluated using ELISA techniques. Pb was used as True Positive Indices (TPI) and

TRF along with NAG and GST were used as False Negative Indices (FNI). Ratios of mean, Creatinine : GST (A) (0.01, 0.02 and

0.09), Creatinine:NAG (B) (0.03, 0.08 and 0.6), Uric acid : GST (C) (0.05, 0.08 and 0.08), Uric acid : NAG (D) (0.29, 0.3 and

0.55), Urea : GST (E) (0.17, 0.55 and 0.93), Lead : GST (F) (0.42, 0.59 and 0.88), Lead : NAG (G) (2.56, 2.28 and 6.09), Lead :

Creatinine (H) (80.62, 30.37 and 10..22), Lead : Urea (I) (2.46, 1.07 and 0.95) and Lead : Uric acid (J) (8.66, 7.61 and 11.12) for

LES, control and CRF groups respectively were computed and used to plot an ROC curve using the FNI values as the abscissa

and the TPI values as the ordinate while their AUC were calculated. The AUC values for Lead : Creatinine, Lead Urea and Lead

: Uric acid were 1.00, 0.917 and 0.833 respectively. We suggest that application of this model after proper standardization may

be useful in early identification of covert kidney damage especially in occupationally vulnerable group.

Omotosho IO et al., J Anal Bioanal Tech 2018, Volume 9

DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872-C1-027