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Journal of Analytical & Bioanalytical Techniques | ISSN: 2155-9872 | Volume 9
World HPLC, Separation Techniques & Pharmacovigilance
World Analytical Chemistry & Mass Spectrometry
18
th
International Conference on
August 29-30, 2018 | Toronto, Canada
&
Alcohol and drugs
T
he interplay of alcohol with drugs includes multiple facets. These include the effects of alcohol on the effects of other
hepatotoxicants and on the pharmacological effects of various drugs. Also relevant is the possible role of alcohol on
the effects of carcinogenic agents. Less striking, but significant, are the effects of other drugs on the effects of ethanol. More
difficult to identify but presumably significant, are the effects of alcohol-drug interplay on the development of an alcoholic
liver disease. A common denominator of them is the role of ethanol-induced P-4502E1 (CYP2El) in affecting the toxicity of
some hepatotoxicants and the effects of some drugs. Less prominent but also relevant is the effect of interplay with alcohol
dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase in the toxicity of some drugs. Alcohol has been shown to be responsible for
cirrhosis in the 18
th
century and was labeled a hepatotoxin in the 19
th
century. During the second half of the 20
th
century alcohol
has been recognize to enhance the toxic effect of other hepatotoxic agents such as acetaminophen, aflatoxin B1, allyl alcohol,
bromobenzene, cocaine, enflurane, galactosamine, halothane, isoniazid, nitrosamines, thioacetamide, vinyl chloride and
vitamin A. The toxicity of several hepatotoxicants is unaffected and of at least one, amanitine, is decreased by ethanol. The effect
of ethanol on the toxicity of carbon tetrachloride and acetaminophen have been studied most extensively. The enhancement of
toxicity by ethanol does not depend on an ethanol-induced hepatic injury but rather on the activity of the cytochrome P450 2E1
that converts the respective toxicants to their active metabolites. Nevertheless, inhibition by ethanol of regenerative response
to injury may contribute to an enhancement of toxicity by ethanol. The toxicity produced by ethanol may have a bearing on the
liver disease of alcoholism as well as on the toxicity and carcinogenicity of individual toxicants.
Biography
Manuela Neuman is the CEO of In Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology, Toronto, ON., Canada. She is also teaching Pharmacology and Toxicology at the Faculty
of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. She is the Chair of Clinical Toxicology and Drug of Abuse Committee of the International Association of
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology. She published 300 peer review articles. Her specialized laboratory provides personalized medicine and
precision medicine results for Canada, USA and Europe.
m_neuman@rogers.comManuela G Neuman
University of Toronto, Canada
Manuela G Neuman, J Anal Bioanal Tech 2018, Volume 9
DOI: 10.4172/2155-9872-C1-026