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Find More Information @ April 2019 Conference Series LLC Ltd 35
6th World Congress on
Climate Change and Global Warming
April 24-25, 2019 | Vancouver, Canada
ACCEPTED ABSTRACT JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCE & CLIMATIC CHANGE, 2019 VOLUME 10 | DOI: 10.4172/2157-7617-C1-057
Impact of climate change
on food security in third
world countries
Youwaraj Dulal
Scientific Research Society Nepal
India
Background: This paper aims to
examine the impact of climate
change on food security in
third world countries. For this
purpose, the article adopted
a desktop study approach.
Previous studies, reports, surveys
and policies on climate change
and food (in)security. From this
paper’s analysis, climate change
presents a high risk to food
security in developing countries
from crop production to food
distribution and consumption.
In light of this, it is found that
climate change, particularly
global warming, affects food
security through food availability,
accessibility, utilization, and
affordability. To mitigate these
risks, there is a need for an
integrated policy approach
to protecting the arable land
against global warming. The
argument advanced in this
article is that the third world
country’s ability to adapt and
protect its food items depends
on the understanding of risks
and the vulnerability of various
food items to climate change.
However, this poses a challenge
in developing countries, because
such countries have weak
institutions and limited access
to technology. Another concern
is a wide gap between the cost
of adapting and the necessary
financial support from the
government. There is also a need
to invest in technologies that will
resist risks on food systems.
Methods: A literature review
was conducted from different
sources using a Google scholar
searching strategy that is written
within 10 years period in the
English language.
Result: Documents related to
the impacts of climate change
on food security were reviewed.
Literature indicates climate
components like temperature,
precipitation, CO2 concentration,
and extreme climate events
have an effect on food security
components. The third world is
one of the most severely affected
regions to climate change
where most of the population
is dependent on climate-
sensitive economic activities.
The most direct effect and a
well-researched component of
climate change on food security
is food availability by reducing
net crop production. It is also
found that climate change has an
impact on food accessibility and
utilization but not well studied
due to its complexity. Projections
indicate that this problem will be
more severe in the future than
today unless climate change
mitigation and adaptation
strategies are done
Conclusion: This review
concludes that climatic
conditions are changing in
developing countries and is
affecting food availability, food
accessibility and utilization.
The problem will be severe in
the future unless the current
adaptation and mitigation efforts
do not improve. Therefore to
reduce the problem, the region
should use its potential to adopt
climate change.