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conferenceseries
.com
11
th
World Congress on
March 05-07, 2018 | Paris, France
Plant Biotechnology and Agriculture
Volume 6
Advances in Crop Science and Technology
ISSN: 2329-8863
Agri World 2018
March 05-07, 2018
The use of DNA markers in plant breeding for disease resistance: From PCR-based approaches to allele
specific markers
Ahu Altinkut Uncuoglu, Yıldız Aydin
and
Ezgi Çabuk Şahin
Marmara University, Turkey
M
arker-assisted breeding is defined as the application of molecular markers in combination with linkage maps and genomics, to
alter and improve plant traits on the basis of genotypic assays. Yellow rust, caused by
Puccinia striiformis
f.sp.tritici, is one of the
major devastating factors worldwide in common wheat (
Triticum aestivum
L.). It is vital to identify associated DNA markers for Yr
genes that can be used for marker assisted selection in wheat breeding programs to develop new cultivars with higher resistance. Here
we report on the identification of six polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based DNA markers (
Xgwm382, Xgwm311, wmc658, PK54,
BU099658, C6
) linked with yellow rust resistance. Another issue requiring marker-assisted breeding are resistance for
Plasmopara
halstedii
responsible for downy mildew disease and
Orobanche cumana
, holoparasitic plant called as sunflower broomrape, lead to
loss of yield discount up to 100%. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers linked with
Pl
8
,
Pl
13
and
Pl
arg
resistance genes for
downy mildew disease in combination with competitive allele specific PCR (KASP) assay which is a fluorescent tagged allele specific
PCR method that is more efficient way to determine SNPs like insertions and deletions than other PCR techniques were identified.
SNP markers (
NSA2220
and
NSA2251
for
Pl8
gene,
NSA0052
and
NSA0354
for
Pl13
gene,
NSA2867
and
NSA6138
for Plarg gene)
were found discriminative among resistant and susceptible parents and their F2 populations. Also, evaluation of
O. cumana
races by
KASP assay has been performed and SNP197 marker converted from the one SSR marker (
Ocum-197
), was found as a distinctive
marker for
O. cumana
races. All these efforts mentioned above show the potential use and power of PCR-based and sequence-based
DNA markers in plant breeding programs particularly for disease resistance in wheat and sunflower.
Biography
Ahu Altinkut Uncuoğlu is currently working as Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University. She has completed her PhD at TUBITAK
Marmara Research Center in 2001. Her research interest and specializations include biotic (plant diseases) and abiotic (drought and salt stresses) stress tolerance
in crops at molecular level, molecular breeding, Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) studies in plant breeding, plant tissue culture and haploid plant production,
association mapping and DNA barcoding studies in plants, understanding plant biodiversity at molecular level, technology transfer and university-industry relations
in biotechnology area.
ahu.uncuoglu@marmara.edu.trAhu Altinkut Uncuoglu et al., Adv Crop Sci Tech 2018, Volume 6
DOI: 10.4172/2329-8863-C1-005