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Page 30

December 03-04, 2018 | Lisbon, Portugal

Public Health, Women's Health, Nursing and Hospital Management

Joint Event

Journal of Community Medicine & Health Education | ISSN : 2161-0711 | Volume 08

Challenges of managing an outbreak of Tuberculosis in an

immunocompromised setting

Background:

The management of an outbreak of Tuberculosis (TB) poses many

challenges, particularly in the immunocompromised setting. The authors outline an

outbreak of TB where two transplant recipients with sputum positive pulmonary TB

attended a renal outpatients department in an acute hospital,

Methods:

Interferon Gamma ReleaseAssay (IGRA) has a higher sensitivity and specificity

(53%, 69%) than the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) (31%, 63%) in immunocompromised

individuals . IGRA was the primary screening test employed for immunocompromised

contacts. Immunocompetent contacts were screened using the Mantoux TST.

Results:

A total of 13 cases of LTBI were identified out of 138 screened contacts. Of

these, 9 cases were identified out of 38 immunocompetent close contacts (detection rate

23.7%) and 4 cases were identified out of 100 immunocompromised hospital contacts

(detection rate 4%). No further active cases of TB were identified.

Conclusion:

It was anticipated that a greater rate of LTBI would be found in

immunocompromised individuals. The true LTBI rate may well be higher; however, this

could not be accurately assessed owning to the poor sensitivity and specificity of screening

tests in immunocompromised individuals. Thus, all immunocompromised contacts with

negative IGRA require chest x-ray follow up over a two year period

Biography

Helena A. Ferris is a Specialist Registrar in Public Health Medicine and is a graduate of Trinity

College Dublin.

Helena A. Ferris

HSE South, Ireland

Helena A. Ferris et al., J Community Med Health Educ 2018, Volume:8

DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711-C7-050

Co-Authors

Leahy M, Cronin A, McSweeney M, Carlton L,

Dillon A, O’Sullivan MB

and

Sheahan A

HSE South, Ireland