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Volume 6, Issue 4(Suppl)
J Obes Weight Loss Ther
ISSN: 2165-7904 JOWT, an open access journal
Page 53
Obesity Congress 2016
August 08-10, 2016
conferenceseries
.com
August 08-10, 2016 Toronto, Canada
6
th
World Congress on
Obesity
J Obes Weight Loss Ther 2016, 6:4(Suppl)
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2165-7904.C1.031Biochemical and hematological factors in obsess addictedmenwith focus on the triglyceride and cholesterol
homeostasis in obsess addicted hamsters
Ebrahim Abbasi Oshaghi
1
and
Fatemeh Mirzaei
2
1
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
2
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
T
his experiment was planned to study the effect of opium on biochemical and hematological factors in human and hamsters
with focus on cholesterol and triglyceride hemostasis via LXR alpha. Normal and high cholesterol diet (HCD) addicted Syrian
golden hamsters were used in this study. Biochemical and hematological factors were measured after one month. The mRNA and
protein levels of LXR were determined by RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Histological changes of liver and intestine were
examined by a light microscope. For human study, biochemical and hematological parameters were determined for 500 male (250
addicts and 250 controls). GC-Mass spectrometry of opium showed presence of about 30% alkaloids (morphine 16%, thebaine 4.4%,
papaverine 3.2%, and codeine 5.5%) and the rest was non-alkaloidal agents, inorganic material and 13.5% water. Opium changed
some biochemical, hematological and antioxidant test in human and hamsters (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of intestinal
LXR were significantly increased in addicted animals in comparison with non-addicted (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of
liver LXR were significantly increased in HCD and HCD+ opium group (P<0.05). Opium consumption also, produced severe injuries
in the intestine and liver of hamsters. Our findings indicated that opium reduced total cholesterol, probably via LXR expression in
hamster. However, opium also increased the level of malondialdehyde, triglyceride, platelet, and reduced total antioxidant capacity
and white blood cell.
7abbasi@gmail.comAnthropometric measures are associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors in rural, but not urban
Kenyans
Fannie Lajeunesse-Trempe
1, 2
1
University of Montreal, Canada
2
Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Canada
T
his cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between anthropometric variables and cardio-metabolic risk
factors in a population of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). A total of 1,405 (1,158 rural and 247 urban) Kenyans were examined.
Anthropometric measurements were carried out, such as weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, visceral and
subcutaneous adipose tissues (VAT and SAT). Visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were derived.
Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin (SI) and plasma lipids were taken. A 2-h oral glucose tolerance test was performed;
homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA -IR) was calculated and blood pressure (BP) was measured. Dietary
intake, physical activity energy expenditure, cardio-respiratory fitness and socio-demographic characteristics were measured. Linear
regression analyses were carried out. Urban Kenyans had significantly higher anthropometric features and presented higher cardio-
metabolic risk factors. In rural Kenyans, anthropometrics were significantly correlated to all cardio-metabolic risk indicators (p<0.05),
except plasma HDL-C level, FBG and SI in women. WHR was the best anthropometric variable to predict cardio-metabolic risk. In
urban Kenyans, anthropometrics were not significantly associated with cardio-metabolic indicators except for SI and systolic BP in
men. In urban women, the correlation only remained significant between WC and plasma lipids, VSR and FBG, SAT and systolic
BP. Anthropometrics were significantly correlated to cardio-metabolic risk factors among rural but not urban Kenyans. Further
investigations are needed in order to elucidate the role of environmental factors and urbanization when it comes to the correlation
between anthropometric variables and cardio-metabolic risk factors in SSA populations.
trempe@umontreal.ca