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Volume 3, Issue 2 (Suppl) Ind Chem
ISSN: 2469-9764, ICO an open access journa Industrial Chemistry 2017
May 22-23, 2017
Page 47
Notes:
conferenceseries.com
May 22-23, 2017 Las Vegas, USA
2nd World Conference on
Industrial Chemistry and Water Treatment
Hydrogen technology for automobiles in the 21st century towards more secure and cleaner
environment
Hydrogen is expected to play an important role in future energy scenarios, as it could resolve growing concerns about
world’s energy supply, security, air pollution, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Hydrogen production from
renewable resources can potentially reduce the CO2 emissions. Hydrogen is a non-toxic, clean energy carrier that has high
specific energy on a mass basis (e.g., the energy content of 9.5 kg of hydrogen is equivalent to that of 25 kg of gasoline).
Worldwide H2 production is ~ 500 billion.m3 annually with ~6.5 EJ (1EJ=109 GJ) of energy. The exhaust from the H2 vehicles
is water. Early developments (from 1960) were focused on H2-IC engine vehicles. In 2001, BMW introduced H2-IC engine
vehicles. Significant advancements in fuel cell technologies and initiatives offered by the US DOE, world-wide governmental
agencies, and industries led to the development of prototypes H2-fuel cell electric automobiles. In the last 10-15 years many
auto manufacturers, including Toyota, Honda, Hyundai, Ford, General Motors, Daimler Chrysler and others have developed
fuel cell vehicles, some are already becoming commercial. Many countries are installing hydrogen fueling stations but they are
relatively few clustered around big, highly populated cities. Low pressure, solid state metal hydrides, such as LaNi4.8Sn0.2, have
already been developed for space applications, but they are very heavy and have low gravimetric hydrogen density of ~2 wt.%
for vehicular applications. Light weight and low pressure (LP) complex hydrides, such as Mg(BH4)2, Li2NH-LiNH2 and other
light weight systems with ~10 to 18 wt.% H capacity are still in developmental stages. Non withstanding the LP solid state
systems, Toyota and other manufacturers started using high pressure (~700 bar) H2, carbon fiber composite, cylinders which
appear to be functional in the latest vehicles under normal operations. The H2 based vehicular technological developments, and
challenges associated with this technology will be presented.
Biography
Dhanesh Chandra is a Foundation Professor of Materials Science and Engineering in the College of Engineering at the University of Nevada Reno, USA. He has
over 100 scientific publications and is a Member of Hydrogen IEA-Task 32. He wrote a book chapter: Intermetallics for Hydrogen Storage edited by G Walker,
Woodhead Publishing (2008).
Dhanesh Chandra
University of Nevada, USA
Dhanesh Chandra, Ind Chem 2017, 3:2 (Suppl)