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Volume 7, Issue 9 (Suppl) Gynecol Obstet (Sunnyvale), an open access journal
ISSN: 2161-0932 Gynecologic Cancers 2017
August 29-30, 2017
2nd International Congress on
August 29-30, 2017 | London, UK
Contemporary Issues in
Women Cancers & Gynecologic Oncology
Gynecol Obstet (Sunnyvale) 2017, 7:9 (Suppl)
DOI: 10.4172/2161-0932-C1-019
New insights into the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer: Oxidative stress
Ghassan Saed
Wayne State University, USA
Lack of prognostic markers for the early detection of ovarian cancer as well as for chemoresistant ovarian cancer remains
a major challenge in the treatment of this disease. Understanding the biological significance of the relationship between
oxidative stress and ovarian cancer will highlight potential mechanisms for the pathogenesis of this disease. We hypothesize that
oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer, as it induces genotypic modifications of tumor
cells that not only contribute to the maintenance of the oncogenic phenotype but also to the acquisition of chemoresistance.
We have characterized epithelial ovarian cancer to manifest a persistent pro-oxidant state through alteration of the redox
balance, which is further enhanced in their chemoresistant counterparts. Forcing ovarian cancer cells to undergo oxidative
phosphorylation rather than glycolysis has been shown to be beneficial for eliminating cells via apoptosis. Collectively, our data
indicated a causal relationship between the acquisition of chemoresistance and chemotherapy-induced genetic mutations in key
redox enzymes, leading to a further enhanced oxidative stress in chemoresistant EOC cells. This concept was further confirmed
by the observation that induction of point mutations in sensitive EOC cells increased thier resistance to chemotherapy. Also,
a combination of antioxidants with chemotherapy significantly sensitized cells to chemotherapy. Identification of targets for
chemoresistance with either biomarker and/or screening potential will have a significant impact for the treatment of this
disease.
Efficacy of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemoperfusion (HIPEC) with new chemotherapeutic
drug dioxadet in rat ovarian cancer model
Kireeva Galina
N N Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, Russia
For the first time, comparative study of open and closed techniques of hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemoperfusion
(HIPEC) in terms of safety and efficacy was performed in rat model of ascitic ovarian cancer transplanted intraperitoneally.
Original device and implantation technique of the device into peritoneal cavity were developed and used in the study. All
animals after tumor implantation were randomized into 4 groups: 1–control, intraperitoneal administration of 0.5 ml of saline
(n=19); 2–closed HIPEC with cisplatin, 20 mg/kg (n=15); 3–open HIPEC with cisplatin, 16 mg/kg (n=16); 4–open HIPEC
with mitomycin C (n=10). While working out the original open technique of HIPEC we established that it requires dose
reduction for cisplatin from 20 to 16 mg/kg compared to closed technique of HIPEC. We didn’t find significant differences
between groups 1, 2 and 3 in terms of number of postoperative complications. According to the results of analysis of body
weight changes in postoperative period open HIPEC was worse tolerated compared to closed HIPEC. Median survival of
rats in group 3 was 53 days which was higher compared to median survival in group 2–25 days (р=0.044). Open HIPEC
with mitomycin C turned out to be less effective than open HIPEC with cisplatin but equally effective compared to closed
HIPEC with cisplatin. However more rats should be included in group 4 to make a conclusion. Open HIPEC with cisplatin
in accordance with suggested technique seem to be more promising than closed HIPEC in terms of improving outcomes of
patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis.