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.com
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Suppl)
J Biotechnol Biomater, an open access journal
ISSN: 2155-952X
Bio America 2017
October 19-20, 2017
October 19-20, 2017 | New York, USA
18
th
Biotechnology Congress
Phytochemical, antimicrobial and anti-diabetic properties of
Artemisia annua
L. (sage wort) and
Plectranthus neochilus Schltr
. (blue coleus)
Janet U Itelima
University of Jos, Nigeria
Statement of problem
: The rising of incidence in multidrug resistance amongst pathogenic microbes is no longer matched by the
expansion in the arsenal of agents available to treat infections. Ethno-botanical records suggest that plants are sleeping giant of
pharmaceutical industry. Thus, they may provide natural source of antimicrobial drugs that will serve as novel or lead compounds that
may be employed in controlling some infections globally. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phytochemical, antimicrobial
and anti-diabetic properties of
Artemisia annua
and
Plectranthus neochilus
.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation
: Phytochemical analysis of the aqueous and hexane extracts of the plant species were
conducted using standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts and gentamicin (control) against pathogenic
microorganisms namely;
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Pneumonia, Pseudomanas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi
and
Candida albicans
was determined by using agar well diffusion method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the plants against the microorganisms were also determined. The anti-diabetic
effects of the plant species were investigated by oral administration of 100 mg/ml of alloxan monohydrate to produce diabetic
condition in normal albino rats, before being treated with the extracts. The phytochemical screening of the extracts indicated the
presence of tannins, steroids, saponins, cardiac glycosides, carbohydrates, free reducing sugar, alkaloids and flavonoids. The largest
zone of inhibition (26 mm) was obtained from
A. annua
hexane extract against
C. albicans
and the smallest zone of inhibition (5 mm)
was obtained from
P. neochilus
hexane extract against
P. aeruginosa
. The MIC of the aqueous and hexane extracts of the plants against
the test organisms ranged from 0.6 mg/ml to 37.5 mg/ml, while the MBC ranged from 2.4 mg/ml to 18.8 mg/ml. The leaf extracts of
the two plants had lowering effects on the blood glucose levels of the alloxan-induced diabetic rats.
Conclusion & Significance:
The results of this study support the medicinal use of the leaf extracts of
A. annua
and
P. neochillus
as
antimicrobial and antidiabetic agents; hence they can serve as important therapeutic aids for alleviating ailments of human kind
Biography
Janet U Itelima has her expertise in Applied Microbiology and passion in research related to Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology, and Plant Science, Lecturing, and Com-
munity Services. She has obtained her PhD and currently is an Associate Professor of Applied Microbiology. She is an Academic Staff of the Department of Plant Science
and Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos. She has published so many papers both nationally and internationally. She has also written two books. She
is deeply involved in motivating students on how to obtain academic excellence. She has attended workshops and conferences both nationally and internationally where
she presented papers, chaired sessions and served in advisory committee
janetitelima@yahoo.comJanet U Itelima, J Biotechnol Biomater 2017, 7:4 (Suppl)
DOI: 10.4172/2155-952X-C1-079