Clinical Pharmacology & Biopharmaceutics
Open Access

Abstract

The threat of tuberculosis (TB) have become increasingly with the fatal combination of co-morbid conditions like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The aim of the study was to obtain a comprehensive data pertaining to the epidemiology and clinical evaluation of TB alone and with co-morbid condition like HIV/ AIDS in the general population of the four states of Malaysia i.e. Penang, Sabah, Sarawak and Selangor. A retrospective and prospective, two phases study was conducted from January 2006 to December 2008, and follow up were made until March 2009. Of 9337 TB patients, 1060 (11.3%) had TB with HIV/AIDS. EPTB and PTB with EPTB (both) were found 2.745 and 1.945 times higher prevalence rate among TB-HIV/AIDS group of patients as compare to PTB group of patients, respectively. Only 37.3% TB-HIV/AIDS cases were on HAART while 130 (12.3%) cases were multiple HAART defaulters. Treatment success rate was 1.393 times higher among TB patients without HIV/AIDS (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.206 -1.609, P < 0.001). Patients with HIV/ AIDS had 3.412 times higher odd ratio for death. In conclusion, HIV/AIDS affects treatment outcomes and a risk factor for death in TB patients.

Biography

Amer Hayat Khan completed Ph.D. in Clinical Pharmacy from Universiti Sains Malaysia, in 2010. Currently Dr. Amer working as Senior Lecturer in Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. Communicable diseases and surgical infections are the main focus of research of Dr. Amer, and currently supervising 2 Ph.D.?s and 6 Master research fellows. Dr. Amer published more than 40 papers in reputable journals and serving as an editorial board member of Journal.