Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials
Open Access

Abstract

Insects are amongst the most primitive creature and their encounter with varied groups of pathogen has led to the enormous diversity in their genome. Such diversity is seen to be more pronounced in Anopheles, a deadly vector of Malaria. With the advent of unannotated genome sequence of 18 Anopheles species, it will be feasible to understand the intricacy of this diverged genome. Here we identify and annotate SOCS gene, which known to be involved in immunity, growth and development of mosquitoes. SOCS gene from An. culicifacies was cloned and sequenced and was used to retrieved SOCS gene from unannotated genome of other anopheles species. Sequence analysis of all Anopheles genome database confirmed the presence of three exons separated by two introns (~500 bp in the N terminal region and ~70-80 bp in the SH2 domain).SOCS in all Anopheles share a similar domain organization, with a central SH2 domain and a conserved C-terminal SOCS box, the N-terminal domains of SOCS proteins vary in length and amino acid sequence. The SH2 and SOCS box domains showed 99-100% similarity with each other and 80-85% similarity while comparing the whole SOCS protein of Anopheles. It indicates that SH2 and SOCS box domains are highly conserved during evolution due to their important role in receptor signaling. These observations indicate that SOCS N-terminal amino acids identity is solely similar, rather limited to, Anopheles SOCSs. This variability may indicate that all the domains of AcSOCS experienced differential selection pressures and it provides the evidence that N-terminal domain is under least selection pressure. Phylogeneticanalysis of SOCS gene of all Anopheles mosquito species revels that SOCS of same subgenus are similar to each other but diverged from other subgenus mosquitoes. This suggested that SOCS follows the same taxonomical pattern in which Anopheles are classified.

Biography

Email: lalitagupta@yahoo.com