Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System
Open Access

Abstract

The US Food and Drug Administration approved sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in 1997 as a treatment option for patients with urge incontinence and in 1999 for urgency/frequency and non-obstructive urinary retention. SNM uses direct, continuous stimulation of the third sacral nerves through implantation of a pulse generator and electrode. Off label use of neuromodulation has been used successfully in patients with interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. A review to provide an update on SNM as an off-label management option for adults with interstitial cystitis based on the available clinical evidence concerning its efficacy will be presented.

Biography

Mai A Banakhar has completed her Medical degree from King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA. She completed her Urology board in KSA and fellowship in Sacral neuromodulation and pelvic reconstructive surgery from University of Toronto, Canada. She had Diploma degree in Clinical Epidemiology & Health Care Research Management from University of Toronto. She has published a lot of papers in reputed journals and international book chapters. She received several awards for the best research and best poster in international conferences and meetings.