Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials
Open Access

Abstract

Allium sativum or garlic belongs to the family Liliaceae. It has been used by the humans for the past 7,000 years. Central Asia is referred to as its native country. It serves as a perfect seasoning for the addition of taste, aroma and various added nutrients to different recipes. It also consists of a large number of �sulfur-containing� compounds: Sulfoxides (e.g., alliin), thiosulfinates (e.g., allicin) and dithiins (e.g., ajoene) that possess various important health benefits. Garlic cloves are known to have anti-clotting, anti-arthritic, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-cancerous, anti-anemic, anti-oxidative and antiaging properties. This is the reason that it has been used in the Ayurvedic medicine since times immemorial. Conventionally, garlic is grown by means of asexual propagation. But this method has some problems associated with it like variance in irregular or inadequate irrigation, imbalanced soil nutrients, seasonal weather variations, pests, viruses, fungi and insects. These parameters can adversely affect the bulb and clove size, thus affecting the yield. Tissue culture techniques are a solution to all these problems. The aim of this research is to carry out rapid callus induction and culturing of garlic using MS media supplemented with different phyto-hormonal concentrations. 0.1 mg/L 2, 4-D+0.5 mg/L TDZ gave the most prominent callus (induction in 21 days) which was sub-cultured in the same media composition after 21 days of its induction. 0.02 mg/L NAA+0.5 mg/L TDZ and 0.03 mg/L 2, 4-D+0.5 mg/L TDZ also resulted in better callus induction (in 11 and 14 days respectively).

Biography

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