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Purpose: In this retrospective study we analyzed patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx
treated with primary total laryngectomy (PTL) between 1990 and 2007.
Methods: The patients were treated by classical PTL, radiotherapy 60-70Gy, concomitant radio and chemotherapy (cisplatin and
5-fluorouracil) or salvage total laryngectomy (STL). They were followed up for 5 years and complications, survival, residual/recurrent
disease and metastases were registered.
Results: STL after previous radiotherapy (STL-pRT) and after chemoradiotherapy (STL-pCTRT) caused more frequent local
complications than PTL. Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was significantly influenced by TNM stage and localization of the
primary laryngeal tumor. For laryngeal cancer it was: 61.3% for PTL, 54.1% for STL-pC-TRT, and 47.6% for STL-pRT. Incomplete
responders to initial treatment had low survival rate. PTL for hypopharyngeal carcinoma and particularly salvage laryngectomy after
chemoradiotherapy were associated with more frequent local complications. The 5-year DFS for hypopharyngeal cancer was lower
than for laryngeal cancer.
Conclusion: PTL still offers the best survival rate with low complications for advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous
cell carcinoma. STL causes more frequent local complications, especially after chemoradiotherapy. Addition of chemotherapy to
radiotherapy increases the survival. Five-year DFS rate depends on TNM stage and localization of the primary tumor.