Journal of Infectious Diseases & Therapy
Open Access

Abstract

Escherichia coli are gram negative, facultative and non sporulating rod shaped bacteria. It is commonly inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. E. coli cause diseases like urinary tract infection cholecystitis, cholangitis and traveler�s diarrhoea and the UTI which is more prevalent worldwide. Extend spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) enzyme produces by E. coli which is capable of hydrolyzing first and third generation cephalosporin, and is inhibited by beta lactamase inhibitor. A total of 150 clinical samples (blood, urine, wound swab, body fluids) were collected from Post Graduate Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. Different media used were: Nutrient agar, MacConkey agar and cysteine, lactose and electrolyte-deficient agar. E. coli gives pink colonies on MacConkey agar because it is lactose fermenter. For further confirmation, different biochemical tests were performed like triple sugar iron, indole and citrate utilization tests. The antibiotics susceptibility and resistivity was checked by disk diffusion method and different antibiotics were used. For extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) detection, combined disk method was performed. In the clinical samples, the percentage of gram positive bacteria in blood was 20%, urine 14.2%, wound swab 83.3%, and body fluids 8%, and the gram negative in urine was 80%, blood 7%, wound swab 10% and body fluids 0%. E. coli was more prevalent in urine which was 25 (35.71%) and ESBL producing E. coli was 5 (20%). The ESBL producing E. coli was resistant to ciprofloxacin (100%), amikacin (40%), amoxicillin+clavulanic acid (40%), levofloxacin (80%), tazobactam+pipracilline (20%), gentamycin (100%), trimethoprim (60%), cefotaxime (100%) and meropenem (0%). Sensitivity toward levofloxacin was 20%, tazobactam+pipracilline 80%, gentamycin 0%, trimethoprim 40%, cefotaxime 0% and meropenem 100%, ciprofloxacin 0%, amikacin 60% and amoxicillin+clavulanic acid 60%. The most effective antibiotic against ESBL producing E. coli was meropenem while least effective antibiotics against ESBL producing E. coli were gentamycin and ciprofloxacin.

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