Journal of Alzheimers Disease & Parkinsonism
Open Access

Abstract

Background: Management of cognitive disorders like dementia and Alzheimerâ��s disease has been challenging since no potential drug is available with proved efficacy. Some nootropic drugs like piracetam, aniracetam and cholinesterase inhibitors such as Donepezil�® have found to exhibit severe toxic effects in elderly. In Ayurveda, dementia is known as Smutibhransh. In the present study, phytochemical based formulations with clues from ayurveda and alternative and complementary medicines were investigated for their efficacy in the management of dementia in animal models relevant to Alzheimerâ��s disease. Methods: Elevated plus Maze, Passive Shock Avoidance and Morris watermaze were the exteroceptive behavioral models. Scopolamine, ibotenic acid, �²-amyloid and ageing induced amnesia were the interoceptive behavioral models. In vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cycloxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzymes activity was also determined. Anti-oxidant activity using DPPH was assessed. Results: MYSGAN-2 significantly improved the transfer latency, step down latencies and TSTQ when tested on exteroceptive and interoceptive behavioral models. It profoundly improved learning and memory in amnesic mice when tested on interoceptive behavioral models. The cerebroprotective effect of MYSGAN-2was well supported by photomicrographs of Hippocampus of brain, where as severity of cell damage, number of pyknotic black neurons, formation of karyorrhexis, karyolysis and number of neuronal cell death were less comparative to scopolamine, ibotenic acid and �²-amyloid treated groups. Conclusion: MYSGAN-2 can be useful in restoring memory in the treatment of various types of dementia.

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