Journal of Infectious Diseases & Therapy
Open Access

Abstract

Antibiotic levels in tissues and fluids of the respiratory tract have been seen as significant for therapeutic efficacy: Using appropriately chosen drugs in localized infections due to pathogenic microorganisms, concept of “tissue pharmacokinetics” has become controversial, taking into account multiple factors limiting the significance of antibiotic tissue kinetics and “high tissue antibiotic levels”. Multiple anatomic sites constitute human respiratory tract and can be diversely infected. Some have been explored in terms of antibiotic local concentrations, like bronchial secretions; many data on a variety of antibiotic local levels have been published: but inflammatory conditions, purulence, edema influencing the variable permeability of tissue barriers to drugs tested are factors leading to a doubtful value of data established. Similarly in terms of concentrations in pulmonary tissues and fluids, collected directly from lungs, or in surgical conditions or exploratory conditions, local transfer of antibiotics through lung membranes, alveolar structures, levels of antibiotics can be reached. In respiratory tract infected sites the potential antibiotic distal course of antibiotics has been explored, with however methodological and interpretive remaining questions, and potential therapeutic efficacy. Other pharmacotherapeutic models have been used such as Epithelial lining fluid (ELF), Alveolar Macrophages (AM), Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), reflecting the potential improvement in the respiratory tract infections: in most respiratory tract infected sites the potential antibiotic distal course of antibiotics has been explored with interpretive remaining questions.

Biography

Deanna Mulvihill has her expertise in evaluation and passion for improving the health and wellbeing. Her open and contextual evaluation model based on responsive constructivists creates new pathways for improving healthcare. She has built this model after years of experience in research, evaluation, teaching, and administration both in hospital and education institutions. The foundation is based on fourth-generation evaluation (Guba & Lincoln, 1989) which is a methodology that utilizes the previous generations of evaluation: measurement, description and judgment. It allows for value-pluralism. This approach is responsive to all stakeholders and has a different way of focusing.

E-mail: eugenieberezin@gmail.com