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In the growing Indian economy both the Government
and chemical industry is concerned about the treatment
of the effluents. These concerns are exemplified due to
the investment constraints on small scale and medium
scale industries in erecting waste treatment plants.
Under such a constraint CETPs are being considered as
a common facility. Since the nature of effluents and their
chemical composition is very diverse, CETPs face a grave
challenge in treating such effluents. In the present study
composite effluent from pesticide, pharmaceutical and
dye industries received by a CETP was characterized.
Some of the chemicals in the effluent include dyes
namely CPC green G, pigment blue, red yellow HE4G,
scarlet 4BS, acid fast red; pesticides namely triazolone,
malathion, phorate, quinalphos, chlorpyriphos;
pharmaceuticals namely pyrazinamide, dexamethazone
etc. The CETP receives 1800 m3 of highly coloured
effluent having pH 1.5. Chemical oxygen demand
(COD) and ammoniacal nitrogen are the main concerns
at the CETP. The bacterial consortium developed
lowered the COD from an initial 8000 mg/l to 1500 mg/l
at flask level and from 3000 mg/l to 1400 mg/l at a pilot
plant of size 25 m3 on site. The consortium comprised
of Ochrobactrum, seudomonas, Sphingomonas,
Comamonas, Cupriavidus, Xanthomonas, Klebsiella,
Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas, Bacteroides,
Ralstonia and Achromobacter. Acknowledgements: The
authors thank authorities of Enviro Technologies Ltd.,
Ankleshwar, Gujarat for financial support, providing
effluent samples and related information. Using the
activated sludge process it was possible to play an
important role in causing environmental pollution
particularly water pollution due to large volume of
effluent generated during the process and presence of
toxic chemicals either in the form of unused raw material
or unrecovered finished product. Effluent treatment
plant thus becomes an unavoidable component of a
chemical industry. Since, it is difficult to set up an effluent
treatment plant independently for a small scale unit;
existence of common effluent treatment plant (CETP)
becomes useful for cluster of such small scale units. The
wastewater in CETP is usually heterogeneous in nature.
It is quite difficult to treat such type of mixed effluent
using a single, pure microbial culture. MACS-Agharkar
Research Institute (ARI), Pune is engaged in developing
microbial cultures for treatment. The wastewater under
study is from a CETP receiving waste from industries
such as dyes and pigments, pesticides, pharmaceuticals,
petrochemicals, etc. The wastewater is highly acidic in
nature and dark in appearance with appreciablesettelable
matter. It contains organic load in terms of Chemical
Oxygen Demand (COD) to the extent of 8000 mg/L
and ammoniacal nitrogen up to 900 mg/L. Bacterial
consortium was developed using the bacteria isolated
from the soil in the premises of CETP, and bacterial
consortium used at site. The bacteria were belonging to
genera Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas,
Comamonas, Cupriavidus, Xanthomonas, Klebsiella,
Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas, Bactroides,
Ralstonia and Achromobacter. Except Bactroides,
Ralstonia and Achromobacter, all other genera were
found to be efficient in reducing the organic load and
thus indicated their potential for bioaugmentation
purpose.
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