Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials
Open Access

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are self-renewing capacity with multi-differentiation potential of progenitor cell. The purpose of this study was to isolate, proliferate and orthopaedic application of MSC collected from bone marrow of different species of animals. Bone marrow aspiration was collected with the help of a bone marrow biopsy needle from the iliac crest of sheep, goat, dog and rabbit, whereas, in pig, it was collected from the sternum under general anaesthesia and aseptic condition. Isolation technique was based on the adherent properties of the MSC. The cells were repeatedly passage and expanded in optimal cultivation conditions in define culture medium until a pure culture was produced. Primary colonies were observed on day 3-5 post seeding, the majority of cells were round, oval-shaped growth; after 7-9 days, adherent cells were increased and gradually extended to the growth of the polygon, star or spindle-shaped and a colony formation unit (CFU) was observed. Cellular morphology of stem cells varied between monolayer of round, elongated spindle-shaped with shorter/longer cytoplasmic extensions and they were grown in single cell or in cluster form. Proliferation capacity of canine and porcine MSC was much higher than other species. MSCs were characterized morphologically by crystal violet stain. In vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSC was performed and evaluated by Alizarin Red S and alkaline phosphatase staining. The HA/TCP bio-ceramic tissue engineered construct seeded with animal MSCs was developed. In vivo osteogenesis of this construct at 15mm critical sized radius bone defect (CSD) in rabbit model was performed. Xenogenic (sheep & canine) BM-MSC induced osteogenesis at CSD in rabbit model was recorded. Autologous and allogenic groups showed faster and better rate of bone healing, followed by xenogenic. Canine BM-MSCs induced faster and better healing compared to sheep BM-MSCs.

Biography

Swapan Kumar Maiti was born on February 14, 1962 and graduated in Veterinary Sciences from Veterinary College, Calcutta. He completed his Post graduation and Doctorate in Veterinary Surgery from Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar with First Class. He has joined Agriculture Research Service (ARS) at Indian Veterinary Research Institute in 1993 and is currently working as Senior Scientist in this Premier Indian Institute. He has been associated more than 15 research projects either as Principal Investigator (PI) or Co-PI and published more than 100 research papers in National and International Journals. He has been awarded prestigious fellowship from German Research Foundation (DFG) twice for conducting research on therapeutic application of stem cells in orthopedics at Germany in the year 2006 & 2010 under International Bilateral Scientist Exchange Programme of Govt. of India. He acted as ?Visiting Scientist? at the University of Leipzig (2006), and University of Köln (2010), Germany. He has been invited as ?Speaker? in World Small Animal Veterinary Association World Congress, held at Sydney (2007), Dublin (2008), Geneva (2010) and Jeju, South Korea (2011) and 2nd (FASAVA) Congress held at Bangkok, Thailand (2009) respectively.