Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System
Open Access

Abstract

Few data exist on differences in gut microbiota composition among principal gastrointestinal diseases. We evaluated the differences in gut microbiota composition among uncomplicated diverticular disease (DD), IBS and IBD patients. DD, IBS and IBD patients along with healthy controls (CT) were enrolled in our Italian GI outpatient clinic. Stool samples were collected. Microbiota composition was evaluated through a metagenomic gene-targeted approach. GI pathology represented a continuous spectrum of diseases where IBD displayed one extreme while healthy controls displayed the other. Among Phyla, Biplot PC2/PC3 and dendogram plot showed major differences in samples from IBS and IBD. DD resembled species CT composition, but not for Bacteroides fragilis. In IBS, Dialister spp and then Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were the most representative species. UC showed a reduced concentration of Clostridium difficile and an increase of Bacteroides fragilis. In CD, Parabacteroides distasonis was the most represented, while Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bacteroides fragilis were significantly reduced. Each disorder has its definite overall microbial signature, which produces a clear differentiation from the others. On the other side, shared alterations constitute the “core dysbiosis” of GI diseases. The assessment of these microbial markers represents a parameter that may complete the diagnostic assessment.

Biography

Giovanni Gasbarrini was President of the Italian Society of Alcology and Member of the Board of Directors of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology, of the Italian Society of Internal Medicine, from which he was awarded the title of Member of Honor. He is the founder and President of the “Club del Tenue” and of the “FONCRE” (Operative Cancer Rectus-Colon), and currently the corporate framework for digestive diseases (Club del Tenue, FONCRE, Hp Italian Section, Intestinal Motility). He was Vice-President of the International Association of Surgeons & Gastroenterologists. He was President and is now a Member of the European Helicobacter Study Group (of which the Italian section is also the President); he was President of EAGEN (European Associate Gastroenterol, Nutrition) and is currently past-President of EAGEN. He is a member of over 15 Italian and International Scientific Societies (Italian Society of Internal Medicine -Italian Geriatrics Society -Italian Gastroenterology Society - Italian Electronic Microscopy Society -Italian Society of Alcology - European Society Liver Study - French Society of Gastroenterology.

E-mail: g.gasb@libero.it