Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials
Open Access

Abstract

On the territory of Сentral Kazakhstan, about 100 kinds of weed plant are met. Among them, only these types are used in culture: Agropyron cristatus and Ruspiralis cristatum. Nevertheless, the forms diversity of these plants is not fully studied. In our view, search of wild forms, their initial type testing in culture, getting somatic mutations directed to productivity and sustainability and the rapid reproduction using biotechnological methods are the only way to solve the problem of securing livestock by gross feed. With this aim, beginning in 1978, the gene pool of wild cereal plants of Central Kazakhstan were studied for their inner-specific variability. The research was conducted with Agropyron cristatus and Ruspiralis cristatum. For the initial study, 30 forms of Agropyron cristatus and 18 forms of Ruspiralis cristatum were selected. Selection of Agropyron cristatus was made in the phase of seeds maturing. After four years of sowing, the first generation plants have produced similar morphological studies, as well as biological productivity was determined. Manifestation of genotypic variability is largely determined by belonging of populations to the certain ecotype populations. Conservative heredity have plants of typical steppe habitats. The most flexible to changing of growing conditions were atypical habitats of plants, which were grown under canopy and shade of trees. After transferring these plants into the culture almost all samples increased the length of the leaf and the lower flower scales. Wild plants like Agropyron crystatus from Central Kazakhstan area have the capacity to withstand unfavorable environment condition such as salt, humidity, coldness resistance. In particular, Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (BADH) gene adaptive reactions to the environmental factors were determined to save ferment structure and the wholeness of plasma. In the plant Agropyron crystatus, the BADH gene was obtained, which determines salinity resistance consisting from 14 22 BP nucleotides, which has the sequenceunder the number 11 82 BP. The genome study of this plant species will allow to use the properties of salt tolerance in biotechnology by using genetic engineering techniques for obtaining the transgenic plants.

Biography

Email: aitkhazha@gmail.com