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CaMKII regulates many pathways involved in the regulation of various cellular and molecular mechanisms that result
in myriad health benefits. Exercise is a key activator of CaMKII, and shown to improve many functional activities in
individuals who exercise compared with those who do not exercise, however the mechanism involved not yet fully elucidated,
which became the objective of this study.
In this study using rats, we investigated various lipids metabolism for both saturated and non-saturated fatty acids in
rats that exercised, non-exercised and exercised+KN93 (CaMKII inhibitor). Lipids were analysed using GC�?�?GC TOFMS.
Palmitoleic acid and oleic acid which are monounsaturated fatty acids known to promote insulin sensitivity and improve
glycaemic control were investigated. Levels of the exercise group showed ~2.0 fold increase compared with the non-exercise
(control) group. Abolishing CaMKII activity by administration of KN93 significantly decreased exercise-induced Palmitoleic
acid levels. Oleic acid levels of the exercise group were ~ 4.1 folds higher than the non-exercise group and followed the same
pattern as Palmitoleic acid.
Lauric acid is a saturated fatty acid, which increases fatty acid needed for better health. The exercise group showed ~ 8.7
fold increase compared with the non-exercise group of Lauric acid. The exercise + KN93 group significantly reduced induction
by ~2.5 fold compared with the exercise group. On the other hand, Myristic acid and palmitic acid which are saturated fatty
acids known to increase risk factors of metabolic syndrome. The myristic acid level of the exercise group decreased by ~3.4
fold compared with the control group, whereas the exercise + KN93 group significantly increased by ~4.3 compared with the
exercise group.
In conclusion, CaMKII can reduce the risk factors of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.
Biography
Emmanuel Mukwevho has completed his PhD in 2010 from University of Cape Town, South Africa in Anatomy and Cell Biology. He is an Associate Professor of Biochemistry at North West University, South Africa. He has published both nationally and intaernationally in reputed journals and his specialiality is in Obesity and Diabetes where he lead the Diabetes & Obesity Therapeutics Research group at North West University.