Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials
Open Access

Abstract

Colloidal drug delivery systems have shown to enhance oral bioavailability of proteins and peptides. The aim of this work was to develop and evaluate an efficient solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) carrierfor oral delivery of insulin. Insulin loaded SLN were prepared by double emulsion technique, employing Dynasan 114 as lipid phase and soy lecithin and polyvinyl alcohol as primary and secondary emulsifier respectively. The particle size and zeta potential measured by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) were 91±6.12 nm, -36 mV±2.3mV respectively. SLN observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed extremely spherical shape. The entrapment efficiency (EE%) and drug loading capacity (DL%) determined with high performance liquid chromatogram (HPLC) were 86.53±0.7% and 6.11± 0.8%, respectively.Insulin loaded SLN exhibited sustained release in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer and shown to protect insulin from enzymatic degradation in vitro in presence of pepsin and trypsin. The biological activity of insulin loaded SLN was estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and in vivo using Wistar diabetic rats after oral administration of insulin-loaded SLN to diabetic rats, and a considerable hypoglycemic effect was observed as compared to pure insulin. Insulin loaded SLN showed better protection of insulin from harsh gastro intestinal environment than the insulin solution as evident from Cmax and AUC 196.4 μIUml-1and 236.5 μIU. hr.ml-1versus 16.4 μIUml-1and 36.6 μIU.hr.ml-1only). The relative pharmacokinetic bioavailability of insulin was enhanced approximately 7 times of pure insulin solution when loaded in SLN (11.4% versus 1.7% only)

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