Journal of Dental Science and Medicine
Open Access

Abstract

Current concepts in root canal system preparation still largely rely on mechanical instrumentation and magnification. Two major factors affect the choice of instruments for root canal preparation: Its ability to achieve the root canal shaping and its safety. The file accuracy is linked to its resistance to fracture, its lack of threading in dentinal walls when used in continuous rotary motion and its ability to respect the initial canal path in curved canals. The original canal anatomy must be maintained. Most of these factors depend on the profile of the instrument and so, on the design of its active part and magnification. For more than 25 years NiTi have been used to shape root canal space. Ever since companies have been trying to improve endodontic files in order to achieve a more predictable outcome of the shaping procedures and enhance the cleaning efficiency of endodontic irrigants, fracture free instrumentation along with magnification which will able to achieve predictable endodontic. Innovations focused on the designs of the files such as cross sections, taper, helical angles and many other specifications that distinguish the identity of specific instruments. This evolution reduced significantly file breakage that nevertheless was still haunting NiTi users and pushed forward the researches into new directions.

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