Journal of Alzheimers Disease & Parkinsonism
Open Access

Abstract

Alzheimer�s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by memory and cognitive dysfunction due to neuronal cell loss in higher braincenters. Senile plaques containing amyloid β (Aβ) and reduction of cholinergicneuron numbers are associated with this disease. Tacrine is a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor in clinical use to treat moderate forms of AD. Chitosan nanoparticles represent an effective systemic delivery system for drugs. The application of tacrine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles selectively increases tacrine concentrations in the brain. In this study, we compared magnetic and non-magnetic tacrine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for their bioactivity and neuroprotective potency in streptozotocin (stz)- induced neurodegeneration, an accepted animalmodel for AD. Male rats received a single injection of stz via an implanted cannula into the lateral brain ventricle. Tacrine (tac)-loaded chitosan nanoparticles were delivered into the tail vein. Spatial learning and memory were analyzed using the Morris water maze task. Amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) and seladin-1 gene expression were studied in the hippocampus by real time-PCR. Tac-loaded nonmagnetic and tac-loaded magnetic chitosan nanoparticles improved spatial learning and memory after stz treatment with magnetic nanoparticles being most effective. Similarly, tac-loaded chitosan nanoparticles increased seladin-1 and reduced APP gene expression. Again, magnetic nanoparticles were more effective. The data reveal that tac-loaded tac-loaded magnetic chitosan nanoparticles improve brain deficits related to stz application. We conclude that the magnetic target drug delivery system is a promising therapeutic strategy to protect AD-related degenerating in the CNS.

Biography