Journal of Biotechnology & Biomaterials
Open Access

Abstract

Foods are functional if benefit one or more body functions, more than adequate nutritional effects, lead to improved health state and well-being and or reduction of risk of diseases. The biological cord between nutrition, biological responses and diseases is already established. For prevention of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus, low saturated fat products, vegetables, fruits, wholegrain foods, low glycemic index starchy foods are effective. The risk for developing type 2 diabetes is associated with overweight and obesity; abdominal obesity; physical inactivity; and maternal diabetes. Round 75% of the risk of type 2 diabetes is attributed to obesity-a nutritional burden. In recent years, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has increased alarmingly worldwide, giving diabetes the dimension of an epidemic. The type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a consequence of a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors, largely due to changes in dietary pattern and lifestyle, and can be prevented via moderate diet and lifestyle modifications. The evidence available on functional foods till date in this field is incomplete: the major gap is the lack of diet-based intervention trials of sufficient duration to be relevant for the natural history of diseases like overweight and diabetes. A scientific survey was conducted on people of Jammu & Kashmir suffering from Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and a correlation of their dietary pattern and lifestyle was made. A major challenge is to practise this knowledge in field of public health.

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