Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change
Open Access

Abstract

Introduction: In 2021, diabetes affects more than 537 million people worldwide (1/10 people), 90% of whom have type II. The galloping progression of diabetes and coronary artery disease in the Algerian population has largely influenced our activity within the cardiac surgery department of the central military hospital of the army. A large proportion of diabetic patients are increasingly offered coronary surgery. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the standard treatment for diabetics. However, comorbidities and degenerative disorders make perioperative management more delicate, the keystone of which is strict perioperative glycemic control and the most complete “all-arterial” revascularization possible. The aim of this work is to present the short and medium term results of a series of 241 consecutive diabetic patients operated on by CABG over a period of 6 years. We will compare these results with those of the literature and determine the predictive factors of morbidity and mortality. Methods: We report the results of coronary surgery in a population of diabetic coronary patients operated in the cardiac surgery department of the central military hospital of the army. This is a retrospective study conducted between January 2017 and July 2022 (6 years), involving 241 diabetic patients operated on for coronary bypass surgery. The mean age of the patients was 63.56 years (30 - 81 years) with a sex ratio (M/F) of 3.8. All type 2 diabetic patients on anti-diabetic treatment were included in this study. Left main trunk stenosis was present in 32.7% of patients and 51.8% were trivessel, the mean Euro-score was 1.63% and the mean number of bypasses was 3.13. Results: Hospital mortality was 7 deaths (2.9%), the average length of stay in intensive care was 24 hours. Postoperative complications were myocardial infarction, infection of the wall, and stroke respectively 1.24%, 7%, 1.24% of patients. Coronary surgery in diabetics offers excellent results in the short and medium term to the detriment of low morbidity and mortality, which makes it the treatment of choice. Conclusion: Diabetes, an increasingly common disease, is associated with more diffuse and progressive atherosclerosis in coronary patients and subject to postoperative complications. Rigorous management of both diabetes and coronary artery disease is the only guarantee of a better outcome. Outcomes of surgery have improved markedly with the increasing use of AMI, complete revascularization.

Biography

Riache Abir, a Lebanese-American cardiac and vascular surgeon, was born. He is known for his many surgical innovations including coronary bypass operations, carotid endarterectomy, artificial hearts and ventricular assist devices.He is skilled in Bioinformatics approaches, drug design, Cytogenetics, Molecular Biology, Genetics engineering, GMO production, and Genetics standard techniques. Moreover, He is interested in science, cancer research, and biomarker discovery.