Journal of Infectious Diseases & Therapy
Open Access

Abstract

Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) or vesicular stomatitis with exanthem is a common childhood condition. The most
common causes are non-polio enteroviruses such as Coxsackie virus A16 (CAV 16) and Enterovirus 71 (EV 71). EV 71
is a common ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that is found worldwide. EV 71 associated HFMD is considered benign and selflimited
but complications may include encephalitisand myocarditis. Most deaths occur as a result of pulmonary edema or
hemorrhage.
Prevention and Control Measures: Decisions on public health interventions to prevent and control HFMD must be made
despite the lack of definitive scientific and technical evidence. During outbreaks, adequate and functioning surveillance
systems,improved sanitation and goodhygiene,are important preventive measures. Moreover, promoted network specific for
HFMD,improving infection control measures, clinical case management, closure of schools, and supportive legislation to
facilitate public health interventions.
Treatment: No specific antiviral agent is available for therapy or prophylaxis of EV 71 infection. Treatment is supportive and
focuses on management of complications. Intravenous administration of immune globulin may have a use in preventing severe
disease in immunocompromised patients.
Future Considerations: Several vaccines for HFMD are currently under development.

Biography

Amr Ismail MBBCh, MSc, MD, MACP, FISQua, FABAM, CHPI, Consultant Dermatologist received on 1998 his Doctorate of Dermatology from Cairo University and
Faculty of Medicine, Egypt. Fellow of the American Board of Aesthetic Medicine (ABAM), USA. Fellow of International Society for Quality in Healthcare (ISQua),
Ireland. Certified Professional Health Performance Improvement, AIHQ, USA. Member of American College of Health Executives (ACHE), USA. Member of
American College of Physicians (ACP).