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Volume 4
Neonatal and Pediatric Medicine
Pediatrics Neonatal Care 2018
November 12-13, 2018
November 12-13, 2018 Dubai, UAE
22
nd
World Congress on
Pediatrics, Neonatology & Primary Care
Neonatal candidemia in India: An overview and update
Harish C Gugnani
FRC. Path. , Retd. Professor, University of Delhi, India
T
he incidence of candidemia has increased worldwide over the last more than five decades due to increasing population
of immunocompromised hosts and advances in medical procedures. Nosocomial candidemia is a major cause of
neonatal morbidity and mortality. The incidence of candidemia in Asia ranges from 0.026 to 4.2 per 1000 admissions. Its
exact prevalence in India is not known due to paucity of systematic epidemiological. In PG Institute of Medical Education
& Research, Chandigarh, 143 neonates were diagnosed to have acquired systemic candidiasis out of a total 4,530 admissions
(3.2%). Though C. albicans is the most frequent etiological agent of candidemia in neonates in India, there has been increased
prevalence of other Candida spp., notably
C. tropicalis
, followed in order of frequency by
C. glabrata
,
C. parapsilosis
,
C. krusei
and
C. guillermondii
. In a couple of studies
C. tropicalis
was more frequent etiological agent of neonatal candidemia than
C.
albicans
. Also
C. glabrata
predominated among non-
C. albicans
species in a few of the investigations. Further,
C. aureus
has
recently emerged as an important cause of neonatal candidamia in India. Multiple risk factors for neonatal candidemia include
low birth weights less than 1250 g, prolonged indwelling intravascular catheters and central venous catheters, intrapartum
use of antibiotics (often prolonged), unclean vaginal examination, parenteral nutrition, ventilator support and prior Candida
colonization and inherent resistance to fluconazole observed in
C. kruei
and
C. glabrata
. It conclusion it can be said that
neonatal candidemia in a challenging problem in India. We should prevent it by identifying risk factors in hospital settings and
minimizing their level, implementation of hand washing procedures and precise identification of causative Candida species
and in vitro antifungal susceptibility tests for formulation of effective therapy.
Biography
Harish C Gugnani has completed his PhD in Medical Microbiology in 1970 from University of Delhi. He was the Fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists, London
(FRC Path) in 1990. He currently serves as an honorary Consultant in diagnosis of fungal infections in Delhi hospitals. He has published 240 research articles in
highly reputed journals including 30 on global burden of diseases of various kinds in Lancet and two each in American Journal of Tropical Medicine, JAMA Pediatrics
and International Journal of Public Health, and one in New England Journal of Medicine. He has been serving as Member of Editorial Board and a Referee for
several medical journals.
Harish C Gugnani, Neonat Pediatr Med 2018, Volume 4
DOI: 10.4172/2572-4983-C3-008