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Journal of Alzheimers Disease & Parkinsonism | ISSN: 2161-0460 | Volume: 8
October 19-20, 2018 | New York, USA
5th International Conference on
Parkinson’s disease and Movement Disorders
Notes:
Protection against development of parkinsonism in rats: Impact of nutrients versus the deleterious
effects of manganese
Azza A Ali
Al Azhar University, Egypt
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative progressive disorder in which symptoms occur after 80 percent of
dopamine is lost. It mainly affects substantia nigra which responsible for relaying messages to plan and control body movement.
Excessive exposure to manganese (Mn) is strongly associated with an extrapyramidal motor disorder similar to PD. Cocoa
represents one of the most nutritious foods in the world. It reduces stress, depression and promotes better memory as well
as concentration. Pomegranate (POM), Wheatgrass (WG) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) are powerful antioxidants but POM
has also powerful anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activity. All of these nutrients exert neuroprotective effects; they can
improve memory as well as cognitive and behavioral deficits.
Objective: To evaluate and compare the potential protective effect of Cocoa, POM, WG, CoQ10 and their combinations against
PD induced by Mn in rats.
Methods: Six groups of rats were used: one received saline while five received MnCl2 (10mg/kg IP) daily for 4 weeks either
alone or in combination with one of the following: Cocoa (24mg/kg PO), POM (150mg/kg PO), CoQ10 (200mg/kg PO),
WG (100mg/kg, PO) or their combinations. All rats were subjected to five behavioral tests; Grid, Bar, Swimming, Open-
field, and Y-maze. Biochemical changes in monoamines as well as in AChE, BDNF, GSK-3, Glutamate, GABA, INOS, Cox2
and in oxidative markers besides excitotoxicity, apoptotic and neuroinflammatory markers were evaluated together with
histopathological examinations.
Results: Mn increased catalepsy while decreased neuromuscular co-ordination together with locomotor, emotionality and
exploratory activity. It also impaired vigilance, spatial memory, and decision making. Most behavioral impairments induced
by Mn had been improved using Cocoa, POM, WG or CoQ10, especially with POM and Cocoa. Combination of Cocoa,
POM, WG, and CoQ10 showed more pronounced improvements which confirmed by biochemical as well as histopathological
examinations in all brain regions.
Conclusion: Cocoa or POM showed more pronounced protection against neuronal degeneration and behavioral impairments
induced by Mn than WG or CoQ10. However, nutrients combination showed maximum protection as compared to each of
them alone against PD induced by Mn in rats.
Biography
Azza A Ali has completed her PhD specialized in Pharmacology and Toxicology from Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt. Her postdoctoral studies
included different scientific aspects especially on neurodegenerative disorders; she also developed research line of behavioral pharmacology in Egypt. She is
member of many scientific societies as (AAPS) and Alzheimer's Association (ISTAART). She is also Editorial Board Member of many international Journals as Brain
Disorder & Therapy, Acta Psychopathologica, EC Pharmacology and Toxicology as well as Organizing Committee Member and Chairperson at many international
Conferences as the International Conference on Brain Disorders & Dementia Care, Canada (2017) and International Conference on Parkinsons Disease &
Movement Disorders, USA (2017). She published more than 60 papers in reputed journals, supervised and discussed more than 90 PhD and MSc thesis and
actively participated by oral and posters presentations at many international conferences especially on Alzheimer's disease and Dementia as well as on Parkinsons
disease as Dementia Conferences (2015, 2016), Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC 2016, 2017) and Parkinsons Conference (2017). She has
many appreciation certificates and certificate of best presentation award at 19th International Conference on Environmental Pollution and Pollution Control, London,
UK (ICEPPC 2017). Now she is a Head of Pharmacology and Toxicology Department at Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
Azza A Ali, J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 2018, Volume 8
DOI: 10.4172/2161-0460-C6-051