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Journal of Obesity & Weight loss Therapy | ISSN: 2165-7904 | Volume 8
June 06-07, 2018 | Philadelphia, USA
International Conference on
Obesity & Fitness Expo
Periconceptional antioxidant micronutrient intake on fetal growth and maternal blood pressure in
obese and overweight women
Frey Gugsa
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, USA
Background:
Reactive oxygen species are normally generated during the development of maternal–placental system, which
are removed by antioxidant defenses such as copper/zinc superoxide dismutases (Cu/Zn SODs) and selenium-dependent
glutathione peroxidases. These process is influenced by maternal diet and inadquent maternal antioxidant intake can lead to
poor pregnany outcome. We propose that an especially important time to assess maternal diet is the periconceptional period
(4 wk before the last menstrual period (LMP) through 8 wk. after the LMP). We believe this time period is conceptually
relevant exposure time since it relates with spiral arteries remodeling timeline. Based upon literature review, we selected six
antioxidant micronutrient: vitamins C, vitamin E, copper, zinc, selenium, and magnesium, that act as precursor, essential
cofactors for or themselves act as antioxidants. The aim of our study is to examine the interaction of maternal antioxidant
micronutrients intake with fetal growth and maternal blood pressure (mean arterial pressure (MAP)) during periconceptional
time in obese and overweight underserved women.
Methods:
Study subjects were recruited as part of the Prenatal Exposures and Preeclampsia Prevention 3 Study, a longitudinal
cohort study of preeclampsia mechanisms in obese and overweight women. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) (Berkeley
Nutrition Services, Berkeley, California) was used to assess the usual dietary intake during periconceptional period. 286
women completed early-pregnancy (first trimester) FFQ. Linear regression model adjusted for maternal race, age, marital
status, prepregnancy BMI, education, household income, parity, smoking, and periconception vitamin use was used to assess
the association between maternal antioxidant micronutrients intake with fetal growth and MAP.
Results:
Low birth weight was higher in younger (<20) or older (>30), non-hispanic black, not married, less educated,
low-income, and smokers, overweight at the start of pregnancy. Vit E (P value=0.014) and Magnesium (P value=0.045) intake
was positively correlated with birth weight. There was no significant association between antioxidant micronutrient and change
in MAP.
Conclusion:
MagnesiumandVitaminE intakewere significantly associatedwith birthweight. Overall, our study population had
lower intake of antioxidant nutrients compared to the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Dietary assessment, including
appropriate supplementation, and intervention to improve antioxidant micronutrient intake during the periconception time
may be indicated in underserved pregnant women to decrease the risk of fetal growth restriction.
Biography
Frey Gugs is a a 4th year medical student at Unversity of Pittscbugh School of Medicine. She has completed
M.Scin Global heath from UCSF, and has earned B.A
in Molecular cell Biology, from UC Berkeley. She has published one paper in reputed journal and was contributing author on a second paper.
frg16@pitt.eduFrey Gugsa, J Obes Weight Loss Ther 2018, Volulme: 8
DOI: 10.4172/2165-7904-C2-061